卷破波冲击新型桩板桥梁结构水动力特性试验研究

Experimental study on hydrodynamic characteristics of new pile-plate bridge structures impacted by plunging waves

依托福建省滨海国道涉海浅滩段新型桩板桥梁结构工程,通过波浪水槽开展卷破波冲击桩板桥梁结构水动力特性试验,研究了三个阶段卷破波冲击作用下波浪爬高和桩板桥梁结构所受波浪力水动力特征,并与规则波冲击作用试验结果进行对比,分析了入射波高、波浪周期、水深对波浪爬高和波浪力的影响规律。结果表明:三个阶段卷破波冲击新型桩板桥梁结构的水动力特性显著不同,破碎前阶段和破碎中阶段卷破波会出现明显的波浪爬高现象,破碎前阶段卷破波爬高后的波面高程可达规则波的1.99倍;破碎前阶段的水平波浪力最强,是同阶段竖向波浪力幅值的4.48倍,可达规则波水平波浪力的3.08倍。波浪特征参数和水深对三个阶段卷破波冲击水动力特性影响显著,入射波高和水深的增加会使破碎中阶段卷破波的波面高程和竖向波浪力超过其他阶段;波浪周期的增加会使破碎后阶段卷破波冲击前波面高程和破碎前阶段的竖向波浪力超过破碎中阶段卷破波。

Based on the new pile-plate bridge structure project of the coastal national highway in Fujian Province,the hydrodynamic experiments of the pile-plate bridge structure under the impact of plunging waves were conducted in the wave flume.The wave climbing height and the wave forces of the pile-plate bridge structure under the impact of three stages of plunging waves were investigated,and compared to those under the impact of regular waves.The influence laws of the incident wave height,wave period,and depth of the water on the wave climbing height and the wave force were analyzed.The results show that the hydrodynamic characteristics of the new pile-plate bridge structure impacted by the three stages of plunging waves are significantly different,there is evident wave climbing phenomenon in the about breaking and breaking stages,and the wave surface elevation after the climb of the plunging wave in the about breaking stage attains 1.99 times of the regular wave;the horizontal wave force of the plunging wave at the about breaking stage is the strongest,which is 4.48 times of the amplitude of the vertical wave force in the same stage,and can be 3.08 times of the horizontal wave force of the regular wave.The wave parameters and water depth significantly influence the hydrodynamic characteristics in three stages of plunging waves.With the increase of the incident wave height and water depth,the wave surface elevation and vertical wave force in the breaking stage exceed other stages.The increase of wave period makes the wave surface elevation in the complete breaking stage and the vertical wave force in the about breaking stage exceed those in the breaking stage.