黑水虻利用有机固废开发新型饲料蛋白与碳减排研发现状和展望

Current Status and Prospects of Black Soldier Fly′s Utilization of Organic Solid Waste to Develop New Feed Proteins and Carbon Emission Reduction Research and Development

黑水虻作为一种重要的资源昆虫,可以处理多种有机固废,收获虫体生物质。黑水虻虫体富含蛋白质、脂肪等营养物质,在畜禽与水产的饲料中可有效替代鱼粉和豆粕而作为新型饲料蛋白资源。黑水虻幼虫处理有机固废还可以有效减少处理过程中的碳排放,将更多的碳元素以有机物的形式固定在虫体生物质上。文章从以下几个方面进行了综述:黑水虻转化不同有机固废,及其不同废弃物搭配对黑水虻转化及黑水虻营养的影响;微生物对黑水虻转化有机固废获得黑水虻生物质、蛋白的影响;黑水虻转化有机固废的无害化;黑水虻替代鱼粉和豆粕,是极具潜力的新型“开源”饲料蛋白;黑水虻中功能性蛋白(肽)的开发利用-用于饲料蛋白“节流”;黑水虻在固碳减排方面的作用;同时对黑水虻未来研究与开发方向进行了展望,以期为黑水虻资源的开发利用提供参考。

As an important resource insect,black soldier fly(BSF)can treat a variety of organic solid wastes and harvest insect biomass.BSF is rich in protein,fat and other nutrients.It can effectively replace fish meal and soybean meal as a new feed protein resource in the feed of livestock,poultry and aquaculture.BSF larvae also can effectively reduce the carbon emissions in the treatment process and fix more carbon elements in the form of organic matter on insect biomass.This paper provides a review from the following aspects:the conversion of different organic solid wastes by black soldier fly,Influence of different organic solid waste mixture on conversion and BSF nutrition;influence of microorganisms on the conversion of organic solid waste by black soldier flies to obtain BSF biomass and protein,harmless conversion of organic solid waste,fish meal and soybean meal could be replaced by BSF,which is a highly promising new type of"open source"feed protein;development and utilization of functional proteins(peptides)in black soldier flies-used for feed protein throttling,the role of black soldier fly in carbon sequestration and emission reduction;at the same time,the future research and development directions of the black soldier fly were discussed,to provide reference for the development and utilization of black soldier fly resources.