2010—2020年中国大陆副溶血性弧菌引发食源性疾病暴发调查

Investigation of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus in China’s Mainland from 2010 to 2020

目的分析2010—2020年中国大陆副溶血性弧菌引起的食源性疾病暴发事件的流行病学特征,获得其发生时间和地区的分布特点以及引发事件的场所、高危食品和危险因素。方法对我国食源性疾病暴发监测系统收集的2010—2020年副溶血性弧菌引起的食源性疾病暴发资料进行统计分析。结果2010—2020年共上报副溶血性弧菌引起的食源性疾病暴发事件1772起,累计发病27212人,住院5944人,死亡2人。发生高峰时间是7~9月。发达地区发病率(28.8例/百万人)高于不发达地区(8.2例/百万人),沿海地区发病率(31.7例/百万人)高于内陆地区(9.2例/百万人)。病因食品以水产食品(61.2%)、肉类食品(25.3%)为主。发生场所以宾馆饭店占比最高,占49.6%。污染环节主要是烹饪水产食品时未充分烧熟煮透,加工即食肉类食品和蔬菜类食品时生熟交叉污染。结论应重点加强餐饮服务场所中水产食品和肉类食品的加工、储存等环节监管,降低副溶血性弧菌导致食源性疾病发病的风险。

Objective To obtain the occurrence time and regional distribution characteristics,place of occurrence,high-risk food and risk factors,the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus from 2010 to 2020 in China’s Mainland was analyzed.Methods The data of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were collected from China disease outbreak surveillance system from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed statistically.Results From 2010 to 2020,a total of 1772 outbreaks of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were reported,with a total of 27212 cases,5944 hospitalized cases and 2 deaths.The peak time was from July to September.The incidence in developed areas(28.8 cases/million people)was higher than that in underdeveloped areas(8.2 cases/million people),and the incidence in coastal areas(31.7 cases/million people)was higher than that in inland areas(9.2 cases/million people).The main causes were aquatic food(61.2%)and meat(25.3%).Hotels and restaurants accounted for 49.6%of the total.The main contamination links were incomplete cooking of aquatic food and raw and cooked cross-contamination of ready-to-eat meat and vegetable food.Conclusion In order to reduce the risk of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus,it is important to strengthen the supervision of processing and storage of aquatic food and meat in catering service places.