饲料中总铬和铬形态分析研究进展

Research progress on the analysis of total chromium and chromium speciation in feed

铬不仅是一种动物所必需的微量元素,还是已确认的致癌物之一,其毒性与摄入的总量及存在的形态有关。铬缺乏会减缓生长速率,影响营养物质代谢,造成紊乱;铬超量会导致中毒甚至死亡,因而检测总铬含量是十分必要的,同时需要选取合适的前处理方法减少提取过程中铬的损耗。三价铬的毒性相对较低,而六价铬的毒性大,因铬形态之间会发生相互转化,在前处理和检测中保证铬形态的稳定性对于结果的准确性来说是至关重要的。全文从样品的前处理方法、检测技术等方面综述了近年来饲料与其他行业中总铬及铬形态的研究现状,并对其优缺点进行了讨论,总结了饲料中总铬和铬形态分析存在的问题及发展方向。

Chromium is not only an essential trace element for animals,but also one of the confirmed carcinogens,and its toxicity is related to the total content and speciation of chromium intake.Chromium deficiency will slow down the growth rate,affect the metabolism of nutrients,and cause disorders;Excessive chromium will lead to poisoning or even death,so it is necessary to detect the total content,and select appropriate pretreatment methods to reduce the loss of chromium in the pretreatment.The toxicity of trivalent chromium is relatively low,while the toxicity of hexavalent chromium is high.Because of the mutual transformation between chromium speciation,it is important to ensure the stability of chromium form during pretreatment and detection for the accuracy of results.In this paper,the research status of total chromium and chromium morphology in feed and other industries in recent years was reviewed from the aspects of sample pretreatment methods and detection techniques,and their advantages and disadvantages were discussed.The problems and development direction of total chromium and chromium morphology analysis in feed were summarized.