亚洲大陆矿产资源禀赋、矿业开发格局及合作前景展望

Mineral resources endowment,mining development pattern and cooperation prospect of Asia continent

亚洲是世界七大洲中面积最大、人口最多、经济发展较快和矿产资源非常丰富的大洲,这些特点也使其矿产资源和矿业开发在世界占有重要的地位。研究表明:(1)亚洲是全球矿产资源种类最齐全的大洲,世界上已发现的矿产资源在亚洲几乎均有分布;(2)亚洲主要矿产的储量世界地位显著增强,在世界广泛应用的80多种常见矿产中,亚洲至少有38种矿产的储量世界占比超过30%;(3)亚洲矿产的储量分布具有“区域性集中分布、集中分布于少数国家、集中受控于少数矿业公司”的“三集中”特征;(4)亚洲大陆是全球成矿条件最复杂、世界级巨型成矿域/大型成矿带富集度最高的大洲,成矿专属性明显,成矿期次大致可划分为前寒武纪、古生代和中—新生代3大期次;(5)亚洲国家“以矿养国”趋势愈发凸显;(6)矿产勘查呈“铜、金当家,大型矿业公司、大国买单”格局;(7)亚洲是世界矿产的生产中心、消费中心、贸易中心和矿业经济中心共4个中心;(8)中国是亚洲矿产的生产中心、消费中心、贸易中心和矿业经济中心4个中心。未来,中国与亚洲其他国家的矿业合作前景广阔。

Asia is the largest continent with the largest population,fast-developing economy and abundant mineral resources among the seven continents in the world.The mineral resources and mining development of Asia have important position in the world mining industry.Research shows that(1)Asia has the most complete kinds of mineral resources in the world,and almost all discovered mineral resources in the world are distributed in Asia.(2)The world position of the reserves of major minerals resources of Asia has significantly increased.Among the more than 80 kinds common minerals resources which are applied widely in the world,there are at least 38 kinds miner⁃als resources of Asia whose reserves world share is over 30%.(3)The reserves of major minerals resources of Asia has obviously concentrated distribution characteristics,which is distributed to a few areas,a few countries or a few mining companies.(4)Asia continent has the most complicated ore-forming conditions and the highest enrichment of world-class giant metallogenic domains and large mineralizing belts in the world.The characteristics of mineral⁃izing specialization are obviously in Asia.The mineralization stage of Asia continent can be roughly divided into the Precambrian,Paleozoic and Mesozoic-Cenozoic.(5)The trend of economic and social development depends on mining industry is increasingly prominent in some Asian countries.(6)Copper and gold are the major minerals resources for exploration and development in Asia.The prospecting investment of mineral resources of Asia is mainly from major mining companies and major mining countries.(7)Asia is the production center,consumption center,trade center and mining economy center of world mineral resources.(8)China is the production center,consumption center,trade center and mining economy center of Asia mineral resources.In the future,China has broad prospects for mining cooperation with other Asian countries.