行人过街事件网联HUD预警系统对驾驶行为的影响

Effect of Connected HUD Warning System on Driving Behavior for Pedestrian Crossing Events

为探索行人过街事件网联环境下平视显示预警系统在不同天气条件下对驾驶行为的影响,以论证预警系统的有效性。文中首先设计基线条件(Baseline)、低头显示(HDD)、平视显示(HUD)3种预警系统,依托驾驶模拟平台开发晴天和雾天天气条件下城市道路网联场景,通过实验测试提取驾驶行为参数;然后,从微观层面刻画行人过街事件网联HUD预警系统作用下驾驶行为的整个空间变化过程,分析预警系统和天气状况两种因素对驾驶行为的作用规律,构建包含避险阶段和恢复阶段的驾驶行为影响模式,提出了反映避险阶段安全水平、恢复阶段恢复水平以及全过程稳定水平等3个层面的综合指标体系,包括首次制动距离、最小冲突距离、恢复稳定时间、速度恢复量、最大减速度和最大加速度;最后,量化不同预警系统(Baseline/HDD/HUD)、天气状况(晴天/雾天)以及两因素间交互作用对驾驶行为的影响。结果表明:行人过街网联HUD预警系统对驾驶人在避险阶段和恢复阶段中的驾驶行为存在显著性作用,显著提高避险阶段驾驶行为的安全水平,同时对恢复阶段恢复效率具有明显的提升作用,也显著影响全过程运行特性的稳定水平;在雾天条件下行人过街网联HUD预警系统表现出更为明显的优势。

In order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the warning system,this study explored the influence of the head up display warning system on driving behavior under different weather conditions in the connected environment for pedestrian crossing events.Firstly,this paper designed three warning systems:baseline,head down display(HDD),and head up display(HUD).Based on the driving simulation platform,it developed connected scenarios of urban roads under clear and foggy weather conditions and extracted driving behavior parameters through experimental testing.Then,from the micro level,the paper described the whole spatial change process of driving behavior under the action of connected HUD warning system for pedestrian crossing events,analyzed the influence rules of the warning systems and weather conditions on driving behavior,and constructed the influence model of driving behavior including risk avoidance stage and recovery stage.Next,a comprehensive index system was proposed to reflect the safety level at the risk avoidance stage,the recovery level at the recovery stage and the stability level of the whole process,including the first braking distance,the minimum conflict distance,the recovery stabilization time,the recovery amount of velocity,the maximum deceleration and the maximum acceleration.Finally,it quantified the effects of different warning systems(Baseline/HDD/HUD),weather conditions(clear weather/foggy weather)and the interaction between the two factors on driving behavior.Research shows that the connected HUD warning system for pedestrian crossing events has a significant effect on drivers’driving behavior in the risk avoidance and recovery stage,and it significantly improves the safety level of driving behavior in the risk avoidance stage.At the same time,it has a significant improvement effect on the recovery efficiency during the recovery stage,and also significantly affects the stability level of the operational characteristics throughout the whole process.The connected HUD warning system for pedestrian crossing events shows more obvious advantages under foggy conditions.