脑卒中患者主要照顾者智谋现状及影响因素分析

Current situation and influencing factors of resourcefulness among primary caregivers of stroke patients

目的探讨脑卒中患者主要照顾者智谋现状并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2020年12月—2021年8月在银川市3所三级甲等综合医院神经内科的311名脑卒中患者主要照顾者为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、智谋量表、抑郁自评量表、中文版知觉压力量表、社会支持评定量表和疲劳量表对其进行调查。结果本研究最终共发放调查问卷311份,回收有效问卷308份,有效问卷回收率为99.04%。308名脑卒中患者主要照顾者智谋得分为(83.98±12.85)分。随机森林模型结果显示,当λ值为1.667时,误差最小,对应的影响因素数目为7个,重要性排序居前7位的自变量纳入多重逐步回归分析。多重逐步回归分析结果显示,知觉压力、文化程度和疲劳是脑卒中患者主要照顾者智谋的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论脑卒中患者主要照顾者智谋水平处于中等水平,脑卒中患者主要照顾者智谋水平需要一定的关注度,护理人员可协同社工等人员为照顾者提供支持和援助,缓解其身心压力,从而提高其智谋水平,提高照护质量。

Objective To explore the current situation of resourcefulness among the primary caregivers of stroke patients and analyze its influencing factors.Methods From December 2020 to August 2021,convenience sampling was used to select 311 primary caregivers of stroke patients in the Neurology Department of three ClassⅢGrade A general hospitals in Yinchuan City as the research subject.A survey was conducted using the General Information Questionnaire,Resourcefulness Scale,Self-Rating Depression Scale,Chinese Perceived Stress Scale,Social Support Revalued Scale,and the Fatigue Scale-14.Results A total of 311 questionnaires were distributed and 308 valid questionnaires were collected,with a valid response rate of 99.04%.The resourcefulness score of the primary caregivers of 308 stroke patients was(83.98±12.85).The random forest model showed that when theλ-value was 1.667,the error was the smallest,and the corresponding number of influencing factors was 7.The independent variables ranked in the top 7 in importance were included in multiple stepwise regression.Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that perceived stress,educational level,and fatigue were the main influencing factors on the resourcefulness of the primary caregivers of stroke patients,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions The main caregivers of stroke patients have a moderate level of resourcefulness and require certain attention.Nursing staff can collaborate with social workers and other personnel to provide support and assistance to caregivers,alleviate their physical and mental stress,thereby improving their resourcefulness and the quality of care.