深圳市多年参考蒸发蒸腾量变化及其影响因素研究

Study on Reference Evapotranspiration Change and Its Influencing Factors in Shenzhen

参考蒸腾蒸发量(Reference Evapotranspiration,ET0)是作物需水的重要计算依据,对于区域农业生产用水具有指导性意义。本文基于广东省深圳市气象站点近60 a的气象数据,根据联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)推荐的彭曼-蒙蒂斯公式(Penman-Monteith)来计算ET0,并采用线性趋势法、滑动平均法和相关分析法对区域的ET0变化进行详细论证。结果表明:深圳气象站近60 a年际和年内ET0变化趋势趋于一致,均呈现为下降;近60 a不同季节的ET0分析表明夏季ET0最大,冬季ET0最小;近60 a年际季节ET0分析表明春季、夏季、秋季和冬季均呈现出下降趋势;日最高气温对ET0相关性最强,相对湿度对ET0相关性最弱。

Reference Evapotranspiration(ET0)is an important calculation basis for crop water demand and has guiding significance for regional agricultural production water use.Based on the meteorological data of Shenzhen meteorological station in Guangdong Province in the past 60 years,this paper calculates ET0 according to the Penman-Monteith formula recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO),and uses linear trend method,moving average method and correlation analysis method to demonstrate the regional ET0 changes in detail.The results show that the trend of inter-annual and intra-year ET0 changes in Shenzhen meteorological station in recent 60 years is consistent,showing a decline;The ET0 analysis of different seasons in the past 60 years shows that the ET0 is the largest in summer and the smallest in winter.The interannual seasonal ET0 analysis in recent 60 years shows that spring,summer,autumn and winter all show a downward trend.Daily maximum temperature has the strongest correlation with ET0,while relative humidity has the weakest correlation with ET0.