基于无人机摄影测量的黄土残塬沟壑区侵蚀沟监测技术研究

Research on Monitoring Technology of Erosion Gully in Loess Residual Plateau Gully Area Based on UAV Photogrammetry

我国是世界上土壤侵蚀最严重的国家之一,尤其是西北黄土高原的水土流失最为显著。本文通过利用无人机搭载激光雷达对山西省临汾市吉县中垛塬进行土壤侵蚀动态监测,建立三维模型,得出侵蚀沟形态特征的变化量,即侵蚀沟的扩张量。并通过在所选侵蚀沟的沟头处布设测钎,监测暴雨前后测钎高度的变化,对无人机监测结果进行验证。研究显示,侵蚀沟无人机遥感监测技术的应用,能全面提高侵蚀沟监测的技术水平,提升监测工作效率,值得在侵蚀沟监测中推广使用。

China is one of the countries with the most serious soil erosion in the world,especially in the Loess Plateau in Northwest China,where soil erosion is most significant.In this paper,the dynamic monitoring of soil erosion was carried out in Zhongduo Tableland of Jixian County,Linfen City,Shanxi Province,through the use of UAV-mounted LiDAR to establish a three-dimensional model to derive the amount of change in the morphological characteristics of the erosion gully,i.e.,the amount of expansion of the erosion gully.The results of the UAV monitoring were also verified by deploying braziers at the head of the selected erosion gully and monitoring the changes in the height of the braziers before and after heavy rainfall.It is finally concluded that the application of UAV remote sensing monitoring technology in erosion gully can comprehensively improve the technical level of erosion gully monitoring,enhance the efficiency of monitoring work,and is worthy of popularizing its use in erosion gully monitoring.