岩溶分布式水文模型构建与应用

Construction and application of karst distributed hydrological model

为了使分布式水文模型能够更好地应用于岩溶地区,针对岩溶地区的水文特性,对分布式模型加以改进,建立了一套可用于岩溶地区的分布式水文模型,并讨论了改进后的模型汇流时计算时间步长与最优计算次序对汇流的影响。模型构建时考虑到了岩溶地区的地下水中裂隙水与管道水对流域汇流的影响,从而对模型加以改进,使模型在物理意义上与汇流实际情况更加接近。以广西凤山县乔音河流域为例,对改进后的模型进行了应用研究,结果表明改进后的模型可以较好地模拟岩溶地区的降雨径流过程。

In order to make the distributed hydrological model be better applied to the karst area,a set of improved distributed hydrological model which can be used in the karst area was established according to the hydrological characteristics of karst area.The influence of the improved model on the convergence time step and the optimal calculation order was discussed.The influence of underground fissure water and pipeline water on watershed confluence was taken into account during the construction of the model,and the model was improved to be closer to the actual confluence in physical sense.The improved model was applied to study the Qiaoyin River Basin in Fengshan County,Guangxi,and the results of study show that the improved model can simulate the rainfall and runoff process in karst area.