微塑料在多孔介质中的沉积和迁移行为研究进展

Research Progress on Deposition and Transport Behavior of Microplastics in Porous Media

【目的】土壤和地下水环境中存在的微塑料颗粒对生态安全和人类健康具有潜在风险,研究微塑料的迁移和沉积具有重要意义。【方法】从微塑料特性、溶液因素、多孔介质和污染物共迁移这几个角度来分析影响微塑料迁移的机制和因素。【结果】结果表明:微塑料的粒径、形状和表面基团对迁移的影响巨大;多孔介质的性质和溶液中的物理化学条件改变了微塑料与介质之间的相互作用力,从而影响迁移行为;微塑料与污染物的共迁移主要受各自本身的结构和特性影响。【结论】微塑料在环境中有较强的迁移能力,并且易于被天然污染物附着,在今后的环境治理中需要进一步探究微塑料的迁移行为。

[Purposes]The presence of microplastic particles in soil and groundwater environments poses potential risks to ecological safety and human health,therefore,so it is of great significance to study the transport and deposition of microplastics.[Methods]In this paper,the mechanisms and factors affecting microplastic transport are analyzed from the perspectives of microplastic properties,solution factors,porous media and pollutant co-transport.[Findings]The results show that the particle size,shape and surface groups of microplastics have a strong influence on transport;the nature of the porous media and the physicochemical conditions in the solution change the interaction force between microplastics and the media,which affects the transport behavior;in addition,the co-transport of microplastics and pollutants is mainly affected by their own structure and properties.[Conclusions]Microplastics have a strong ability to transport in the environment and the transport behavior of microplastics needs to be further explored in the future environmental governance.