网络游戏直播的著作权合理使用研究

Research on the Fair Use of Copyright in Online Game Livestreaming

【目的】未经权利人许可进行网络游戏直播的行为是否构成合理使用尚存在较大争议,对其标准的确定有利于平衡各方市场主体间的利益,实现资源的最优利用。【方法】通过“四要素”检测法和我国《著作权法》第24条的一般性条款加以判断不同类型游戏直播中的合理使用。【结果】在《著作权法》穷尽式列举的权利限制情形不能满足现实需要的情况下,法院在必要时根据“四要素”检测法中的相关因素进行认定。【结论】“转换性使用”的判断与“游戏直播市场”的界定尤为关键,论证时辅以法经济学理论以及反垄断视角检验。

[Purposes]Whether the act of online game livestreaming without the permission of the right holder constitutes fair use is still a big controversy,and the determination of its standard is conducive to balancing the interests of all market players and achieving the optimal use of resources.[Methods]Fair use in different types of game livestreaming is judged by the"four-factor"test and the general provisions of Article 24 of China's Copyright Law.[Findings]In cases where the exhaustive list of limitations in the Copyright Law does not meet the needs of reality,the courts,when necessary,make determinations based on the relevant factors in the"four-factor"test.[Conclusions]Among them,the judgement of"transformative use"and the definition of"live game market"are particularly critical,and the argument is supplemented by legal economics theory and antitrust perspective.