可充电锌空气电池双功能催化剂的研究进展

Research progress in bifunctional catalysts for rechargeable Zn-air batteries

可充电锌空气电池具有能量密度高、环境友好、安全性好和成本低等优势,是非常有前景的新型储能体系,但面临着能量转换效率低、充放电稳定性差和电流密度低等缺点,需开发可同时催化氧还原反应/析氧反应的高催化性能双功能催化剂。现有的双功能催化剂存在贵金属催化剂价格昂贵、非贵金属催化剂稳定性差和碳载体腐蚀严重等问题。综述了近年来双功能催化剂作为空气电极在可充电锌空气电池中的应用进展,包括金属-有机骨架基催化剂、无金属基碳催化剂、金属基催化剂,分析了它们的优缺点,提出了双功能催化剂的一些设计思路,最后对双功能催化剂未来的研究和应用方向进行了展望。

Rechargeable Zn-air batteries have the advantages of high energy density,high environmental friendliness,good safety and low cost,which is a promising new energy storage system.However,they are faced with the disadvantages of low energy conversion efficiency,poor charge-discharge stability and low current density.It is necessary to develop bifunctional catalysts with high catalytic performance that can catalyze oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction at the same time.The existing bifunctional catalysts have some problems,such as high price of precious metal catalyst,poor stability of non-precious metal catalyst and serious corrosion of carbon support.The application progress of bifunctional catalysts as air electrodes in rechargeable Zn-air batteries in recent years is reviewed,including metal-organic skeleton catalysts,metal-free carbon catalysts and metal-based catalysts.Their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed,and some design ideas of bifunctional catalysts are proposed.Finally,the future research and application direction of bifunctional catalysts are prospected.