广西上林县长寿老人流行病学特征和影响因素分析

Analysis of prevalence characteristics and influencing factors of longevity in Shanglin County,Guangxi

目的探讨广西上林县长寿老人流行病学特征和影响因素,为广西地区长寿研究和政策制定提供科学依据。方法以上林县长寿人群横断面调查资料为基础,收集长寿老人一般人口学资料,使用logistic多因素回归分析长寿影响因素。结果上林县长寿老人比例为272.65/10万,百岁老人比例为13.80/10万;长寿老人男女比例为1∶3.24;婚姻状况以丧偶为主;绝大部分长寿老人居住在农村地区。多因素分析结果显示,丧偶(OR=0.03,95%CI:0.010~0.089)、极度肥胖(OR=0.032,95%CI:0.001~1.110)、血压正常高值(OR=0.153,95%CI:0.023~1.002)、高血压(OR=0.107,95%CI:0.022~0.508)、单纯收缩期高血压(OR=0.138,95%CI:0.029~0.665)、臀围增加(OR=0.828,95%CI:0.731~0.938)是长寿的危险因素,而具有长寿家族史(OR=3.543,95%CI:1.087~11.542)和腰围增加(OR=1.124,95%CI:1.027~1.229)是长寿的保护因素。结论广西上林县长寿老人和百岁老人的比例均显著高于全国和广西平均水平,且长寿人群中以女性居多。丧偶、极度肥胖、血压正常高值、高血压、单纯收缩期高血压、臀围增加是长寿的危险因素,具有长寿家族史和腰围增加是长寿的保护因素。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of longevity in Shanglin county,Guangxi,and provide scientific evidence for future longevity research and policy making.Methods Based on the cross-sectional survey data of long-lived people in Shanglin County,the general demographic data were collected,and the influencing factors of longevity were analyzed by logistic multivariate regression.Results In Shanglin county,the proportion of long-lived people was 272.65 per 100000,and the proportion of centenarians was 13.80 per 100000.The ratio of men to women was 1∶3.24.The marital status was mainly widowed.Most of the long-lived elderly lived in rural areas.The results of multivariate analysis showed that widowhood(OR=0.03,95%CI:0.010-0.089),extreme obesity(OR=0.032,95%CI:0.001-1.110),high values in normal blood pressure(OR=0.153,95%CI:0.023-1.002),hypertension(OR=0.107,95%CI:0.022-0.508),simple systolic hypertension(OR=0.138,95%CI:0.029-0.665)and increased hip circumference(OR=0.828,95%CI:0.731~0.938)were risk factors for longevity,while family history of lon⁃gevity(OR=3.543,95%CI:1.087-11.542)and increased waist circumference(OR=1.124,95%CI:1.027-1.229)were protective.Conclusions Shanglin County is one of the longevity hotspots with significantly higher proportion of the longevous and centenarians compared to the average level of China and Guangxi.And most of the long-lived people are women.Widowed spouse,extreme obesity,high-normal blood pressure,hypertension,simple systolic hypertension,and increased hip circumference are risk factors for longevity,while family history for longevity and increased waist circumferenceare are protective factors.