1968-2018年班玛地区不同降雨量级的时空间变化特征分析

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Different Rainfall Levels in Bamma Area from 1968 to 2018

利用1968-2018年青海省班玛县气象局每日降雨资料,采用M-K检验、线性估计方法分析青海省班玛地区不同量级降雨量和降雨日数的演变规律。结果表明:班玛地区1968-2018年小雨日数呈缓慢下降的趋势,中雨日数和大雨日数呈缓慢上升的趋势;降雨量变化总体呈缓慢上升的趋势,不同量级降雨量总体呈缓慢上升的趋势,说明降水在随时间缓慢增加的同时,降雨强度也在缓慢增加,降水造成的洪涝灾害以及泥石流等次生灾害的风险增大。分析结果对于了解班玛地区不同降雨量级的时间变化特征、灾害防御以及对于横断山区水源涵养与生物多样性保护具有重要的现实意义。

Based on the daily rainfall data of the Meteorological Bureau of Banma County,Qinghai Province from 1968 to 2018,M-K test and linear estimation method were used to analyze the evolution law of different orders of rainfall and the number of rainfall days in Banma area,Qinghai Province.The results show that:The number of light rain days decreased slowly,while the number of moderate rain days and heavy rain days increased slowly in Banma area from 1968 to 2018.The overall change of rainfall showed a slow rising trend,and the rainfall of different orders showed a slow rising trend,indicating that the precipitation increased slowly with time,and the rainfall intensity also increased slowly,and the risk of secondary disasters such as flooding and debris flow caused by precipitation increased.The analysis results have important practical significance for understanding the temporal variation characteristics of different rainfall levels,disaster prevention,water conservation and biodiversity conservation in Hengduan Mountain area.