两种气调包装对青海地区4种主栽甜樱桃贮藏品质和生理病害的影响

Effects of Two Modified Atmosphere Packagings on Storage Quality and Physiological Disorders of Four Sweet Cherry Cultivars in Qinghai Regions

为明确气调包装对甜樱桃不同品种贮藏品质和生理病害的影响,本研究分析了青海地区4个主栽甜樱桃品种“红灯”“美早”“雷尼”和“胜利”经被动自发气调包装p MAP(空气)及主动自发气调包装a MAP(80%N_(2),12%O_(2)和8%CO_(2))后在冷藏4周和6周后(0℃)包装盒内气体成分、果实品质以及生理病害的变化。结果表明:4个甜樱桃品种的两种气调包装中O_(2)浓度、果实硬度和可滴定酸含量随着冷藏时间的延长而降低,失重率和果梗褐变率增加。但与p MAP相比,a MAP包装能明显延缓O_(2)浓度、果实硬度、可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸含量的下降,维持盒中CO_(2)水平(10.37%~10.70%),抑制果实失重、腐烂和果梗褐变的发生。主成分分析发现,a MAP包装具有较高的O_(2)浓度、果实硬度和可滴定酸的特征。建议甜樱桃在采收后预冷、清洗和消毒的基础上进行a MAP包装处理,在0℃下贮藏并在6周内销售,可有效延长甜樱桃品种贮藏寿命、保持甜樱桃的品质,提高经济价值。

In order to study the effect of modified atmosphere packaging(MAP)on storage quality and physiological disorders of four main sweet cherry cultivars in Qinghai regions,the gas compositions in the packing boxes,fruit quality,and physiological disorders were evaluated in pMAP(positive MAP,air)-and aMAP(active MAP,N_(2)concentration at 80%,O_(2)concentration at 12%,and CO_(2)concentration at 8%)-treated‘Hongdeng’,‘Tieton’,‘Rainier’,and‘Victory’sweet cherries after 4 and 6 weeks of cold storage at 0℃.Results showed that,regardless of treatment,O_(2)concentration,fruit firmness,soluble solids content and titratable acid decreased in all four sweet cherry cultivars with extended storage time,while weight loss and stem browning increased.However,compared to the pMAP,aMAP could delay the decreases in O_(2)concentration,fruit firmness,and titratable acid,maintain a stable CO_(2)level(10.37%-10.70%),and inhibit the development of weight loss,decay,and stem browning,especially after 6 weeks of cold storage.The principal component analysis revealed that aMAP-packed fruit had characteristics of high O_(2)concentration,fruit firmness,and titratable acid.In conclusion,cherries should be packaged with aMAP and sold in 6 weeks under 0℃conditions after pre-cooling,cleaning,and sterilizing.This extended the storage life of sweet cherry cultivars,maintained high storage quality,and had low rates of physiological disorders.