数据要素与流通企业高质量发展

Data Elements and High-quality Development of Circulation Enterprises

作为新型生产要素,数据要素已快速融入生产、流通、消费等环节,深刻改变着经济运行过程与企业组织管理模式。基于2007—2021年我国沪深A股上市流通企业样本,尝试利用Python技术爬取年报中的数据要素关键词频并进行量化处理,由此从理论和实证两个层次探究数据要素对流通企业高质量发展的影响及其作用机制。研究发现:数据要素能够显著促进流通企业高质量发展,这种结论在稳健性检验和内生性处理后仍然成立;数据要素主要通过降本增效与提质增效两种路径促进流通企业高质量发展,前者表现为以节约流通成本为核心的降低经营成本与扩大市场规模效应,后者表现为以提高流通速度为核心的促进市场匹配与增强部门协同效应;数据要素对流通企业高质量发展的促进作用存在明显异质性,这种作用在非国有企业、非零售行业以及大数据政策提出之后更显著。

As a new type of production factor,data elements have rapidly integrated into production,circulation,consumption and other aspects,profoundly changing the economic operation process and enterprise organization management mode.Based on the sample of China s Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share listed circulation enterprises from 2007 to 2021,this paper attempts to use Python technology to crawl the keyword frequency of data elements in annual reports for quantitative processing.Then,this paper explores the impact and mechanism of data elements on the high-quality development of circulation enterprises from both theoretical and empirical levels.This study finds that data elements can significantly promote the high-quality development of circulation enterprises,and this effect still holds after robustness testing and endogenous treatment.Data elements mainly promote the high-quality development of circulation enterprises through two paths:cost reduction and efficiency improvement.The former manifests as reducing operating costs and expanding market scale effects with the core of saving circulation costs,while the latter manifests as promoting market matching and enhancing departmental synergy effects with the core of improving circulation speed.There is significant heterogeneity in the role of data elements in promoting the high-quality development of circulation enterprises.This effect is more significant in non-state-owned enterprises,non-retail industries,and after the introduction of big data policy.