摘要
启蒙问题到现在还在争论不休。追本溯源,当时德国围绕“何谓启蒙”以及“如何促进启蒙”即启蒙的情景(包括启蒙的目标、方式、对象和条件)两方面的问题展开了“一切人对一切人的战争”。但是,通过对当时德国四位哲学家思想的系统考察,最终的结论是:对上述两个问题的回答尽管答案表面上各不相同,但是背后隐藏了两方面共同诉求:一是在现实的感召下对理性历史回归与觉醒的诉求,二是对思维与语言表达明晰性的诉求。
The question of enlightenment has been debated since it was raised in Germany in the eighteenth century.Tracing back to the source’at that time’Germany launched the“all-people-to-all-people war”around“what is enlightenment”and the corresponding“how to promote enlightenment”’that is’the situation of enlightenment(including the goals’methods’objects and conditions of enlightenment).However’through a systematic investigation of the four German philosophers at that time’the author believes that although the answers to these two questions are different on the surface’there are two common demands behind them:one is in reality.The appeal for the return and awakening of rational history’the second is the appeal for clarity of thinking and language.
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“普通知识的知识论研究”(项目编号:19BZX085)的阶段性成果。
关键词
启蒙
理性
德国
enlightenment
reason
german
