阿里野血牦牛与家养牦牛血液代谢组比较分析

Comparative analysis blood metabolomes between Ali wild blood yak and domestic yak using mass spectrometry

本研究旨在利用质谱技术鉴定野血牦牛与家养牦牛血清中化学衍生物的差异,以明确长期受到高原生态环境自然选择下,野血牦牛更优环境适应性的代谢机制。本研究利用串联质谱技术对西藏阿里改则县的5头野血牦牛和5头家养牦牛的血清进行代谢组功能分析,共鉴定到574个代谢相关化学衍生物质,其中比例最高的是有机酸及其衍生物和氨基酸及其衍生物,21种代谢物质差异显著,较家养牦牛,野血牦牛有7类化学代谢物(邻甲氧基苯甲酸、9,12-十八碳二烯酸、3,4,5-三甲氧基肉桂酸等)显著上调,14类化学代谢物(前列腺素E2、氧化三甲胺、羟基二十碳五烯酸等)显著下调。其中7类化学衍生物(5-羟基吲哚-3-乙酸、鸟苷、尿素、前列腺素E2、皮质醇、5-甲氧基色胺、3-甲基吲哚)富集于31个KEGG信号通路,包括组织系统(Organismal Sysyems)、代谢(Metabolism)、人类疾病(Human Disease)、环境信息过程(Environmental Information Processing)。本研究通过代谢组比较分析,进一步明确了野血牦牛优异的环境适应性代谢基础,同时鉴定到野血牦牛中富含一系列(鸟苷、5-甲基-2-脱氧饱苷、邻甲基苯甲酸等)已明确与心脑血管疾病相关药的化学衍生物,为今后开发抗高原病相关药物开发提供借鉴参考。

The purpose of this study was to identify differences of chemical derivatives in serum between wild blood yak and domestic yak by mass spectrometry,so as to clarify the metabolic mechanism of better environmental adaptability of wild blood yak under the long-term natural selection of plateau ecological environment.The study used tandem mass spectrometry technology to analyze the functional components in the serum of 5 wild blood yaks and 5 domestic yaks from Gaize County,Ali,Tibet.The results shown that a total of 574 metabolism-related chemical derivatives were identified,among which organic acids and their derivatives as well as amino acids and amino acid derivatives accounted for the largest proportion.21 metabolites showed significant differences between groups.Compared with domestic yak,7 kinds of chemical metabolites(such as o-methoxybenzoic acid,9,12-octadecadienoic acid,3,4,5-trimethoxyl cinnamic acid,etc.)were significantly up-regulated,and 14 kinds of chemical metabolites(such as prostaglandin E2,trimethylamine oxide,hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid)were significantly down-regulated in wild blood yak.Among them,7 chemical derivatives(5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid,guanosine,urea,prostaglandin E2,cortisol,5-methoxytryptamine,3-methylindole)were enriched in 31 KEGG signals pathways,including organismal systems,metabolism,human disease,and environmental information processing.The comparative analysis of serum metabolomes in this study not only further clarified the metabolic basis for the excellent environmental adaptation of wild blood yak,but also identified that wild blood yak is rich in a series of metabolic materials(guanosine,5-methyl-2'-Deoxysaturated glycosides,o-toluic acid,etc.)which have been confirmed related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease-related drugs,providing reference for the devel-opment of anti-altitude disease-related drugs in the future.