废弃栽培基质水稻育秧再利用及其稻田生产效应

Reuse of waste cultivation substrate in rice seedling raising and its effect on paddy field production

为探讨废弃栽培基质的水稻育秧再生利用及其在稻田的生产应用效应,该研究将废弃基质经高温好氧堆置处理后制备成再生基质,以商品基质、营养土为对照,水稻生产采用工厂化育秧、机械化栽插,分别比较3个处理的秧苗素质,测定了产量及其构成因素。结果表明,再生基质除EC(基质中的可溶性盐含量)值之外,均达到了蔬菜育苗基质标准。与商品基质相比,再生基质对水稻秧苗的苗高、苗长、叶龄、最大单叶长与宽、假茎粗无促进作用,但显著提高栽后12 d发根数,且显著提高了秧苗地下部干物质重。再生基质处理显著降低了水稻秧苗栽插的倒秧率,提高了栽插后4 d的活棵率,显著增加了水稻成熟期穗数与成穗率,从而促进了水稻增产。

In order to explore the regeneration of rice seedlings in waste cultivation substrate and its production and application effect in paddy field,the waste substrate was prepared into a regeneration substrate after high-temperature aerobic stacking.The quality of seedlings in the three treatments was compared with the commercial substrate and nutrient soil,and the yield and its components were determined.The results showed that the regenerated substrate reached the standard of vegetable seedling substrate except for the EC value.Compared with the commercial substrate,the regenerated substrate had no effect on the seedling height,seedling length,leaf age,maximum single leaf length and width,and pseudostem diameter of rice seedlings,but significantly increased the number of roots 12 days after planting,and significantly increased the dry matter weight of the underground part of the seedlings.The regeneration substrate treatment significantly reduced the seedling inverted rate of rice seedlings,increased the seedling survival rate at 4 days after planting,and significantly increased the number of panicles and panicle rate at the maturity stage of rice,thereby promoting the increase of rice yield.