新麦系列小麦品种主要性状的综合分析

Comprehensive analysis of main characters of new wheat series

为利用好小麦种质资源材料,进一步了解新麦系列品种产量及主要性状之间的关系,对27个新麦系列小麦品种的千粒重、稳定时间等11个主要农艺和品质性状进行分析。结果表明,品质性状的变异幅度较大,其中稳定时间变异系数最大,种质资源的遗传变异程度较高,遗传基础较为丰富;农艺性状与品质性状间有着复杂的相关关系,有8对性状间表现为显著或极显著相关,千粒重与产量呈极显著正相关,蛋白质与湿面筋、吸水量呈显著正相关,蛋白质与稳定时间呈极显著正相关,产量与品质性状之间并不存在明显的制约关系。供试材料根据农艺性状和品质性状可聚为5类群,第Ⅱ类群在育种中可以作为改良穗部特性资源材料加以利用,第Ⅲ类群品种可以作为矮秆抗倒、早熟材料加以应用,第Ⅴ类群品种均属于优质强筋品种,在育种中可以作为优质强筋、高产资源加以利用。

In order to make good use of wheat germplasm resources and materials to further understand the relationship between yield and main traits of Xinmai series varieties,11 main agronomic and quality traits of 27 Xinmai series wheat varieties were analyzed.The results showed that the variation range of quality traits was large,among which the coefficient of variation of stability time was the largest,the genetic variation degree of germplasm resources was high,and the genetic basis was richer,and there was a complex correlation between agronomic traits and quality traits,and there were 8 pairs of traits that were significantly or extremely significantly correlated,with 1000-grain weight and yield being significantly positively correlated,protein and wet gluten and water absorption,protein and stabilization time being significantly positively correlated,and there was no obvious constraint relationship between yield and quality traits.According to agronomic traits and quality traits,the tested materials can be clustered into five groups,groupⅡcan be used as the resource material for improving panicle characteristics in breeding,groupⅢcan be used as dwarf straw lodging resistance and early maturing materials,and the varieties in groupⅤare all high-quality strong gluten varieties,which can be used as high-quality strong gluten and high-yield resources in breeding.