数学文化视角下中考试题研究——以2018—2022年贵阳市中考数学卷为例

Research on test questions of secondary school entrance examination from the perspective of mathematics culture:Taking the mathematics papers of 2018—2022 Guiyang secondary school entrance examination as an example

为了解数学文化在中考试题中的渗透情况,以2018—2022年贵阳市中考数学卷为例,从题目类型、文化类型、运用水平和内容领域4个维度进行分析.结果表明:题目类型变化幅度不大,数量整体呈上升趋势;文化类型分布不均衡,侧重于社会角色类型,忽视了多元文化类型;数学文化多以深层次的形式融入数学试题,呈现出不可分离的状态;数学文化在统计与概率领域中渗透较多,未涉及综合与实践领域.针对分析结果提出以下建议:丰富试题的文化类型;保持不可分离型的高运用水平;增加数学文化在综合与实践领域的渗透.

In order to understand the penetration of mathematics culture in the middle school entrance examination questions,taking the mathematics papers of 2018—2022Guiyang secondary school entrance examination as an example,this paper analyzed question type,culture type,application level and content area from the four dimensions.The results show that the question types change little,and the overall number is on the rise;the culture types are unevenly distributed,focusing on the social role types and ignoring multicultural types;mathematics culture is mostly integrated into mathematics test questions in a deep form,showing an inseparable state;mathematical culture penetrates more into the fields of statistics and probability,not involving the fields of synthesis and practice.Based on the analysis results,the following suggestions are proposed:enrich the cultural types of test questions;maintain a high level of inseparable application;increase the penetration of mathematics culture in the fields of synthesis and practice.