农户资本禀赋、参与治理与河长制治水绩效研究

Research on Peasant Households’Capital Endowment,Participation in Governance and Water Control Performance of River Chief System

沿河农户作为直接利益相关者参与治水有助于弥补“官方河长”的治理效能不足。基于陕西和宁夏的560份农户调研数据,采用结构方程模型,分析“农户资本禀赋→参与治理→河长制治水绩效”的内在作用机理。结果显示:农户的自然资本和文化资本显著正向影响参与行为,物质资本显著负向影响参与行为,经济资本显著正向影响参与意愿,社会资本显著正向影响参与意愿和参与行为;社会资本通过参与治理的部分中介作用显著正向影响治水绩效,且参与治理内部存在“参与意愿→参与行为”的显著正向影响;整体效应上,参与治理作为中介促进农户资本禀赋对治水绩效的影响,且治理效果存在“生态绩效→社会绩效→经济绩效”优先次序。基于结论,为提升河长制治水绩效,建议强化农村生态文明、社会文明、物质文明、精神文明和政治文明建设,为农户参与治水资本赋权;完善农户为“民间河长”的参与制度规范,并构建农户可及的治水信息发布机制、多渠道信访窗口和对策采信投票栏。

The participation of peasant household along the river as direct stakeholders in water control helps to make up for the lack of governance performance of the“official river chief”.Based on 560 survey data of peasant households in Shaanxi and Ningxia,the structural equation model is used to analyze the internal mechanism of“peasant households’capital endowment→participation in governance→control performance of river chief system water”.The results show that peasant households’natural capital and cultural capital have a significant positive impact on participation behavior,material capital has a significant negative impact on participation behavior,economic capital has a significant positive impact on participation willingness,and social capital has a significant positive impact on participation willingness and participation behavior;Social capital has a significant positive impact on water control performance through part of the intermediary role of participation in governance,and there is a significant positive impact of“participation willingness→participation behavior”within participation in governance;On the overall effect,participating in governance serves as an intermediary to promote the impact of peasant households’capital endowment on water control performance,and the governance effect has a priority order of“ecological performance→social performance→economic performance”.Based on the conclusion,in order to improve the water control performance of the river chief system,it is recommended to strengthen the construction of ecological,social,material,spiritual,and political civilization in rural areas to empower peasant households’participation in water control capital;We should improve the participation system norms for peasant households as“folk river chief”,and set up water control information release mechanism,multi-channel petition windows,and the voting column for accepting countermeasures that are accessible to peasant households.