中国刺毛鬼伞属的物种多样性

Species diversity of Tulosesus(Psathyrellaceae,Agaricales)in China

刺毛鬼伞属Tulosesus是鬼伞类真菌中已知物种数量仅次于拟鬼伞属Coprinopsis的第二大属,其主要特征为菌盖和菌柄均具囊状体,此前一直被认为是小鬼伞属Coprinellus的成员,直到近期才作为属级分类单元独立,然而其系统学位置和框架仍存争议。2021–2023年我们对该类群在全国范围内开展了野外调研,共发现20余种,其中中国新记录种10种,本研究对这些新记录种进行描述并绘制线条图,分别为短毛刺毛鬼伞Tulosesus brevisetulosus、织篮刺毛鬼伞T.canistri、灰白刺毛鬼伞T.cinereopallidus、褐囊刺毛鬼伞T.fuscocyetidiatus、灰糠刺毛鬼伞T.marculentus、半透刺毛鬼伞T.pellucidus、斜孢刺毛鬼伞T.plagioporus、沙生刺毛鬼伞T.sabulicola、塞斯刺毛鬼伞T.sassii和绒幕刺毛鬼伞T.velatopruinatus。联合ITS和LSU片段,对该属进行分子系统学研究,结果表明Tulosesus单系,由3个独立的亚属级分支构成,结合形态学特征,初步阐明该属的属下各分支的特征。

Tulosesus is the second largest genus next to Coprinopsis in the number of known species of coprinoid fungi.Its main characteritics are that both the cap and the stipe present cystidiate.It is treated as an independent genus separating from Coprinellus recently,while its phylogenetic position and framework are still controversial.From 2021 to 2023,we have carried out a nationwide field research,and found more than 20 species of Tulosesus in China.In this paper,10 species new to China are reported and illustrated with line drawings,viz.Tulosesus brevisetulosus,T.canistri,T.cinereopadillus,T.fuscocystidiatus,T.marculentus,T.pellucidus,T.plagioporus,T.sabulicola,T.sassii and T.velatopruinatus.Using ITS and LSU sequence datasets,the phylogenetic framework of this genus was inferred.The results show that Tulosesus is a monophyletic genus composed of three independent subgenus lineages.Combined with morphological characteristics,the characteristics of each lineage of this genus were preliminarily clarified.