妊娠期孕妇血糖、体重增长与不良妊娠结局关系

Correlation between the blood glucose level and the weight gain of pregnant women during pregnancy and their pregnancy outcomes

目的:探究妊娠期血糖、体重增长情况与产妇妊娠结局关系。方法:选择2022年1-12月本院分娩产妇100例临床资料,根据不良妊娠结局发生情况分为不良结局组、对照组;根据产前空腹血糖(FPG)水平分组,将空腹血糖≥5.1mmol/L设为血糖升高组,<5.1mmol/L设为血糖正常组;根据妊娠期高血糖诊治指南(2022版),制定孕妇体重增长标准分为增重不足组、增重正常组、增重过度组。分析不良妊娠影响因素及各指标不同孕妇不良妊娠结局发生情况。结果:100例产妇不良妊娠结局发生率为47.0%;对比,不良结局组FPG水平(6.56±1.22 mmol/L)及GWG(12.52±3.42 kg)均高于对照组(5.44±1.35 mmol/L、10.55±2.89 kg),多因素logistic分析,产妇FPG、GWG异常升高为不良妊娠结局危险因素(均P<0.05);血糖升高组巨大儿、新生儿窒息、早产、胎膜早破的发生率均高于血糖正常组,增重过度组巨大儿、剖宫产、新生儿窒息发生率均高于增重不足组和增重正常组,增重不足组新生儿低出生体重发生率高于增重正常组和增重过度组(均P<0.05)。结论:妊娠期产妇血糖、体重增长情况会直接影响产妇的妊娠结局,血糖增高与体重增长过度均会增加不良妊娠结局的风险,应重视妊娠期产妇的血糖、体重控制。

Objective:To explore the correlation between the blood glucose level and the weight gain of pregnant women during pregnancy and their pregnancy outcomes.Methods:The clinical data of 100pregnant women who had given birth in hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected in this study.These women were divided into group A1(women with adverse pregnancy outcomes)and group A2(women with normal pregnancy outcomes)according to the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.According to the fasting blood glucose(FPG)level of the women,these women divided into group B1(women with FPG level≥5.1mmol/L)and group B2(women with FPG level<5.1mmol/L).According to standard of the guidelines of the diagnosis and treatment of hyperglycemia in pregnancy(2022 edition),these women divided into group C1(women with insufficient weight gain),group C2(women with normal weight gain during regency)and group C3(women with excessive weight gain during regency).The influencing factors of the adverse pregnancy of the women and the incidence of the adverse pregnancy outcomes of the pregnant women with different indicators were analyzed.Results:The incidence of the adverse pregnancy outcomes of these women was 47.0%.The FPG level(6.56±1.22 mmol/L)and the weight gain during pregnancy(12.52±3.42 kg)of the women in group Al were significantly higher than those(5.44±1.35 mmol/L and 10.55±2.89 kg)of the women in group A2.The abnormal increase of the FPG level and the weight gain during pregnancy of the women were the risk factors of their adverse pregnancy outcomes(all P<0.05).The incidences of the macrosomia,the neonatal asphyxia,the premature delivery and the premature rupture of membranes of the women in group B1 were significantly higher than those of the women in group B2.The incidences of macrosomia,the cesarean section and the neonatal asphyxia of the women in group C3 were significantly higher than those of the women in group C1 and those of the women in group C2,and the low birth weight incidence of the women in group C1 was significantly higher than that of the women in group C2 and that of the women in group C3(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The FPG level and the increase of the weight gain during pregnancy of the pregnant women will affect their pregnancy outcomes directly.The increase of the FPG level and the excessive weight gain during pregnancy of the pregnant women will increase the risk of their adverse pregnancy outcomes,so the FPG level and the weight gain during pregnancy control of the pregnant women should be paid attention to.