靶向膀胱癌的PET显像剂研究进展

Research Progressof PET Imaging Agents Targeting Bladder Cancer

膀胱癌是泌尿系统中最常见的肿瘤,其病理分型与复发转移的风险息息相关,因此,对膀胱癌进行准确的诊断对制定膀胱癌治疗方案有着重要的指导意义。利用正电子发射断层扫描(PET)进行分子成像是膀胱癌诊断的重要手段,目前最常用于膀胱癌分子成像的显像剂是[18F]氟代脱氧葡萄糖([18F]FDG),其为原发肿瘤评估、区域淋巴结分期、远端转移检测、疗效评估及复发监测提供了更多的影像学信息。此外,其他类型的显像剂也为膀胱癌的诊断提供了更多选择,如[11C]蛋氨酸、[11C]乙酸盐、[11C]胆碱、[68Ga]成纤维细胞激活蛋白抑制剂、免疫PET显像剂等,它们补充了更多的代谢信息,从不同代谢途径辅助膀胱癌的诊断,为膀胱癌影像学危险分层提供了新思路。综述了靶向膀胱癌的PET显像剂的最新研究进展。

Bladder cancer is the most common tumor in the urinary system,and its pathological classification is closely related to the risk of recurrence and metastasis.Therefore,the accurate diagnosis of bladder cancer is of great importance for the development of treatment plans for bladder cancer.Molecular imaging using positron emission tomography(PET)is an important method for the diagnosis of bladder cancer.Currently,the most commonly used imaging agent for molecular imaging of bladder cancer is[18F]fluorodeoxyglucose([18F]FDG),which provides more imaging information for primary tumor assessment,regional lymph node staging,detection of distal metastasis,eficacy evaluation,and recurrence monitoring.Furthermore,other types of imaging agents also provide more options for the diagnosis of bladder cancer,such as[11C]methionine,[11C]acetate,[11C]choline,[68Ga]fibroblast activation protein inhibitors and ImmunoPET imaging agents.They supplement more metabolic information,aiding the diagnosis of bladder cancer through various metabolic pathways,and offering new ideas for risk stratification of bladder cancer imaging.This article reviews the latest research progress of PET imaging agents targetingbladdercancer.