民法典视野下股权善意取得制度的合理性——基于对股权性质、变动模式和法律适用的分析

The Reasonability of Bona Fide Acquisition of Equity in the View of Chinese Civil Code:An Analysis of the Nature,Change Mode and Legal Application of Equity

《关于适用〈中华人民共和国公司法〉若干问题的规定(三)》将善意取得制度引入了涉股权案件的司法审判,使我国股权的善意取得也有法可依,但股权能否适用善意取得以及具体应如何适用仍被不少学者质疑,其主要困境在于股权性质不明、股权变动模式存在争议、法律适用不清晰等。在后民法典时代,厘清有限责任公司股权善意取得制度的合理性仍具有重要意义。基于《中华人民共和国民法典》对股权性质的明确,将股权流通性和物权流通性进行类比,结合民法典框架下股权变动模式的现实选择以及法律适用,对有限责任公司适用善意取得制度进行补强论证,力图探寻股权适用善意取得制度的合理性。

The bona fide acquisition is introduced into the judicial trial of equity cases by the Third Explanation of the Company Law of the People’s Republic of China,which has brought legal provisions to the bona fide acquisition of equity in our country.However,there are doubts about whether the bona fide acquisition can be applied to equity and how the bona fide acquisition system can be applied.The difficulties include the unknown nature of equity,the controversial mode of equity change,and the unclear application of law.In the Post-Civil Code era,it is still of great significance to clarify the reasonability of the system of bona fide acquisition of shares in limited liability companies.This paper,based on the definition of the nature of equity in the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China,compares the liquidity of equity with the liquidity of property right,considers the realistic choice and legal application of the equity change mode in the Civil Code system,and demonstrate the application of bona fide acquisition to the equity in limited liability companies,exploring the reasonability of bona fide acquisition of equity.