中药调控MAPK通路治疗肥胖的研究进展

Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulation of M APK Pathway for Treatment of Obesity:A Review

伴随着肥胖患病率在全世界范围内的急剧提升,目前已成为全人类需要共同面对的重要公共卫生问题。肥胖以脂肪细胞数量增多及体积扩张为主要特征,并伴有不同程度的代谢紊乱。同时肥胖又是糖尿病、高血压、中风、癌症及心脑血管疾病的危险因素,为社会及家庭带来极大负担。肥胖受生活方式、环境、行为及遗传等因素影响,是多因素相互作用的结果,其病理过程复杂涉及炎症、自噬、肠菌紊乱等多种机制。丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)级联反应作为信号传导的关键通路,参与到细胞增殖、分化、凋亡及应激反应等多个过程中。国内外研究表明MAPK信号通路可通过多途径调控肥胖,如调控脂肪细胞分化及凋亡、调节食欲、改善炎症等。中药在防治肥胖方面效果显著且存在多靶点、多成分、不良反应小等优势,且研究发现MAPK信号通路亦是其重点调控的主要通路之一,但此领域尚未进行系统总结。故该文通过检索国内外最新研究,简要概述MAPK通路基本结构,重点总结了中药通过干预MAPK通路治疗肥胖的最新研究进展。结果表明,调控脂肪组织生成,分化及产热,降低炎症及氧化应激水平,改善胰岛素敏感性及代谢紊乱似乎为中药调控MAPK通路防治肥胖的主要途径。但后续仍需丰富研究方法,重点探索中药复方基于MAPK通路防治肥胖的潜在机制。

With a global rise in morbidity rates,obesity has become a pressing public health issue.With increased adipocyte number and volume as the main characteristics,obesity is also manifested by metabolic disorders to varying degrees.At the same time,obesity is a risk factor for diabetes,hypertension,stroke,cancer,and cardiovascular diseases,imposing burdens on society and families.Influenced by lifestyle,environment,behavior,and genetics,obesity is caused by the interaction of many factors,and its pathological process is complex,involving inflammation,autophagy,and intestinal dysbiosis.The mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascade reaction,a pivotal signaling pathway,plays a crucial role in cellular processes such as proliferation,differentiation,apoptosis,and stress responses.Both Chinese and international studies indicate that the MAPK signaling pathway can effectively regulate obesity through various pathways,including the modulation of adipocyte differentiation and apoptosis,appetite control,and inflammation improvement.Moreover,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has demonstrated significant efficacy in preventing and treating obesity,leveraging advantages such as multiple targets,diverse components,and minimal adverse effects.Research indicates that the MAPK signaling pathway is a primary focus of TCM regulation in this context,although a systematic review in this field is currently lacking.Therefore,this paper,by reviewing the latest Chinese and international research,provided a concise overview of the basic structure of the MAPK pathway,with a specific emphasis on recent progress in TCM interventions targeting the MAPK pathway for obesity treatment.The results indicate that regulating adipose tissue formation,differentiation,and thermogenesis,reducing inflammation and oxidative stress levels,and improving insulin sensitivity and metabolic disorders seem to be the main ways for TCM to regulate the MAPK pathway to prevent and treat obesity.However,it is necessary to find more research methods and explore potential mechanisms underlying TCM formulations based on the MAPK pathway for obesity prevention and treatment.