全面抗战时期璧山县国民教育的政教关系研究(1940—1945)

A Study of Relationship Between Politics and State in National Education in Bishan County During All-out War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1940-1945)

抗战大后方的璧山县在“新县制”推行的背景下,开始实施“政教合一”的国民教育体制。研究表明,“裁局设科”后的璧山县域国民教育行政体系,虽秉持新县制“政教合一”的制度设计,使得县域国民教育管理呈现垂直化的趋势,导致基层教育主管机构的权力缩小;地方社会行政与教育两方围绕国民教育人事的冲突与矛盾,更反映了大后方基础教育政教关系的不稳定性。如何找到政教双方分工合作与相互联系的具体路径,是战时大后方国民教育实施的核心内容。

Under the background of the implementation of the“new county system”,the rear area of the Anti Japanese war began to implement the“national education”system of“political and religious integration”.Taking Bishan County,Sichuan Province as an example,this paper investigates the relationship between politics and education in the implementation of national education in the rear County,and then analyzes the interaction and conflict between national education and grass-roots politics in personnel and system.This paper holds that the Bishan County national education administrative system after“cutting the Bureau and setting up branches”adheres to the system design of the“unity of politics and education”of the new county system,which makes the county national education management show a vertical trend,resulting in the reduction of the power of the grass-roots Education authorities;The conflicts and contradictions between local social administration and education around national education and personnel reflect the instability of the relationship between politics and religion in basic education in the rear.How to find the specific path of division of labor,cooperation and mutual connection between politics and religion is the core content of the implementation of national education in the rear area in wartime.