《资本论》的社会建设逻辑探赜

The Understanding of Social Construction Logic of Das Kapital

《资本论》的伟大绝不仅仅在于其论证了资本主义的发展逻辑,更在于它蕴含了未来的社会建设逻辑。如果说《资本论》既属于一部哲学著作又属于一部经济学著作,那是因为《资本论》既论证了资本主义必然灭亡又阐明了资本主义如何灭亡。《资本论》的这一写作特性表明,《资本论》还应该属于社会哲学著作的范畴。因为《资本论》所阐释的不仅是一种具有批判性质的学说,而且还是一种蕴含着以建构社会良性运行机制为己任的学说,即《资本论》批判资本主义体制不是最终目标,构筑共产主义体制才是它的终极追求。按照社会哲学的学科原则理解,《资本论》中的资本逻辑批判不只是包含抽象性质的宏大叙事式的社会批判,而且还包含有社会实践中存在着有比资本主义体制更为合理的社会形式的思想意蕴,而表征这一思想意蕴的社会哲学理论的基本原则,就应该被称为马克思的社会建设逻辑。

Das Kapital is great not only because it demonstrates the logic of capitalist development,but also because it contains the logic of social construction for the future.Das Kapital is a monograph of philoso‐phy as well as economics,because it demonstrates both the''inevitable''demise of capitalism and the''way''it does.This writing style of Das Kapital indicates that it also falls into the category of social philosophy,be‐cause it is not only a theory of critical nature,but also a theory that makes it its mission to construct a benign operating mechanism of society.In other words,it is not its ultimate goal to criticize the capitalist system,but to build a communist system.According to the principles of social philosophy,the criticism of the logic of capital in Das Kapital contains not only grand narrative social criticism of abstract nature,but also the ideo‐logical implication that there is a more reasonable social form than the capitalist system in social practice.The basic principle of social philosophical theory which represents the implication of this thought should be called Marx's social construction logic.