论历史时间:中西史学比较视角

On Historical Time:Fromthe Perspective of Comparison between Chinese and Western Historiography

历史时间观反映了人类对既往历史、当下境遇与未来命运的态度。西方学术界努力超越线性历史时间观念,以话语分析方法探索多元历史时间观的可能性。这既涉及对现代化、全球化历程时间表现的思考,也是在探索一种能够解释当代世界变局的历史时间体制。人类世成为这一探索的当代语境。结合不同时代背景与史学语境,可以历时性地区分出六种历史时间类型:原型时间、循环时间、线性时间、近代史学时间、全球史学时间、人类世史学时间。基于当代学术界关注的议题,有必要从中西史学比较的视角出发,历时性地整合、共时性地比较中西有关历史时间问题的认知与思考,阐释其中的共性与差异,辨明其史学价值与历史意义。

The concept of historical time reflects human attitudes towards past history,current circumstances,and future destiny.The western academic community strives to transcend the concept of linear historical time and explore the possibility of plural historical time views using discourse analysis methods.This involves both thinking about the temporal expression of modernization and globalization processes,and exploring a historical time regime that can explain contemporary world changes.The Anthropocene has become the contemporary context of this exploration.Combining different historical backgrounds and contexts,six types of historical time can be diachronically distinguished:prototype time,cyclic time,linear time,modern historiography time,global historiographic time,and anthropocenic historiographic time.Based on the issues of contemporary academic concern,it is necessary to integrate diachronically and compare synchronically the cognition and thinking of historical time issues between China and the West,explain the commonalities and differences,and distinguish their historiographic value and historical meaning.