灵活用工模式与企业研发投入——来自雇主-雇员匹配调查的证据

Flexible Employment and Enterprises’R&D Investment-Evidence from Employer-Employee Matching Survey

激励企业扩大研发投入对提升国家创新能力具有重要意义。利用“中国雇主—雇员匹配调查”数据,从用工模式视角考察灵活用工模式对企业研发投入强度的影响及其作用机制。实证研究发现:灵活用工模式对企业研发投入强度具有抑制效应;从劳动力要素配置角度来看,企业人力资本水平下降是造成灵活用工模式抑制企业研发投入强度的重要机制;扩大企业规模以及增强企业工会劳动保护效果均可以削弱灵活用工模式对企业研发投入强度的抑制效应。研究结论不仅有助于深化关于用工模式与企业创新关系的认识,而且为创新研发投入决策理论以及优化创新驱动发展战略的实施路径提供了经验参考。

Encouraging enterprises to expand R&D investment is highly significant for enhancing national innovation capabilities.It utilized the data from the Chinese employer-employee matching survey to investigate the impact of flexible employment mode on the R&D investment intensity of enterprises from the perspective of employment pattern.The findings are as follows:the flexible employment model has an inhibitory effect on the R&D investment intensity of enterprises;from the perspective of labor factor allocation,the decline in the level of human capital in enterprises is an important mechanism that suppresses the R&D investment intensity of enterprises by adopting flexible employment mode;expanding the scale of enterprises and enhancing the labor protection effect of enterprise trade unions weaken the inhibitory effect of flexible employment mode on the R&D investment intensity of enterprises.The findings not only help to deepen the understanding of the relationship between employment pattern and corporate innovation,but also provide empirical references for the decision-making theory of innovative R&D investment as well as for optimizing the implementation path of the innovation-driven development strategy.