体重自我污名对青少年体育锻炼行为的双刃剑影响:基于社会信息加工理论的实证分析

The Double-Edged Sword Effects of Weight Self-stigma on Adolescents’Exercise Behavior:An Empirical Analysis based on the Social Information Processing Theory

目的:基于社会信息加工理论,从体重自我污名的双重属性出发构建有调节的中介模型,探讨体重自我污名对青少年体育锻炼行为的双刃剑影响及边界条件。方法:采用体重自我污名问卷、亲友锻炼鼓励问卷、锻炼价值认知量表、消极锻炼情绪量表和体育锻炼等级量表,对3406名青少年进行测量,并对调查数据进行统计分析。结果:1)体重自我污名通过锻炼价值认知、消极锻炼情绪以及二者的链式中介作用间接影响青少年体育锻炼行为;2)亲友锻炼鼓励正向调节锻炼价值认知在体重自我污名与青少年体育锻炼行为之间的中介效应;3)亲友锻炼鼓励负向调节消极锻炼情绪在体重自我污名与青少年体育锻炼行为之间的中介效应;4)亲友锻炼鼓励正向调节锻炼价值认知和消极锻炼情绪在体重自我污名与青少年体育锻炼行为之间的链式中介效应。结论:体重自我污名显著促进锻炼价值认知的增强和消极锻炼情绪的削弱,进而驱动青少年的体育锻炼行为,亲友锻炼鼓励在上述过程中发挥调节作用。为有效应对体重自我污名的双刃剑影响,应在巧妙运用体重自我污名对青少年体育锻炼行为的促进作用的同时,积极应对和防范体重自我污名对青少年体育锻炼行为的消极作用。

Objective:Based on social information processing theory,a moderated-mediation model was constructed according to the dual attributes of weight self-stigma(WSS),so as to explore the double-edged sword effect and boundary conditions of weight self-stigma on adolescents’physical exercise(PE).Methods:A package of surveys,including the weight self-stigma questionnaire,relatives’physical activity encouragement questionnaire,exercise value cognition questionnaire,negative physical activity affect scale and physical activity rating scale-3,were used to survey 3406 adolescents.Results:1)The WSS indirectly affected adolescents’PE through EVC,NEE,and the chain-mediated effect of both EVC and NEE;2)relatives’physical activity encouragement(RPAE)positively moderated the mediating effect of EVC between WSS and adolescents’PE,namely,the higher level of RPAE,the stronger the mediating effect,and vice versa;3)RPAE negatively moderated the mediating effect of NEE between WSS and adolescents’PE,namely,the higher level of RPAE,the weaker the mediating effect,and vice versa;4)RPAE positively moderated the chain mediation effect of EVC between WSS and adolescents’PE,namely,the higher level of RPAE,the stronger the chain mediation effect,and vice versa.Conclusions:WSS significantly promoted the EVC and weaken the NEE,which drove the adolescents to improve PE,and the RPAE played a double-edged sword effect in the above process.In order to effectively cope with the double-edged sword effects of WSS,it is recommended to skillfully use WSS to enhance the positive effect of adolescents'PE,while preventing its negative effect.