沃洛申文学创作中的东方主题

The Eastern Themes in Voloshin's Literary Works

沃洛申是俄国白银诗坛的杰出诗人。受西方非理性主义哲学、弗·索洛维约夫思想和神智学等神秘主义的影响,沃洛申对东方文明产生浓厚的兴趣,佛教成为其思想体系的重要一环。佛教哲学散见于沃洛申的诗歌创作,具体表现为宏微复合的思维和“涅槃”概念。沃洛申诗歌中的佛教、印度教等东方主题常与西方文化意象并置叠加、相互映照,《献给圣母玛利亚的诺斯替主义赞美诗》是东西方文化交汇的诗歌典范。东方美学是沃洛申文艺创作的重要参照,浮世绘美学不仅显现于沃洛申的绘画作品,还贯彻于其诗歌创作,呈现节制的诗学。其诗歌的画面感和诗画结合形式可追溯至中国古代诗歌的美学,特别是题画诗的高格。对沃洛申文学作品中的东方主题进行研究,不仅有助于理解沃洛申的诗学哲思和审美特质,更促进文化多元性和人类精神追求共性的认知,是一场意义深刻的东西方文明对话。

Voloshin is an outstanding poet,who stands in the Parnassus of the Russian Silver Age.Influenced by Western irrationalism,Solovyov's thoughts,and mysticism such as Theosophy,Voloshin developed a strong interest in eastern civilization,and Buddhism became an important part of his ideological system.Buddhist philosophy is scattered in Voloshin's poetry,which is embodied in the macro-micro complex thinking and the concept of"Nirvana".Eastern themes such as Buddhism and Hinduism in Voloshin's poems are often juxtaposed and superimposed with western cultural images and reflect each other.His poem"Gnostic Hymn to the Virgin Mary"is a model of the intersection of eastern and western cultures.The eastern aesthetics is an important reference for Voloshin's literary and artistic creations,Ukiyo-e aesthetics not only appear in his paintings,but also are implemented in his poetry,presenting the poetics of moderation.The visual sense of his poems and the combination of poetry and painting can be traced back to the aesthetics of ancient Chinese poetry,especially the lofty form of poems inscribed on paintings.The study of eastern themes in Voloshin's literary works not only helps to understand Voloshin's poetics,philosophy and aesthetic characteristics,but also promotes the recognition of cultural diversity and the pursuit of commonality of the human spirit.It is a profound dialogue between eastern and western civilizations.