多因素分析视角下虚义动词“做”的变迁——基于历时复合语料库(1949—2019)的研究

A Multivariate Analysis of the Diachronic Changes of Delexicalized Verb Zuo(Do):Based on the Diachronic Multiple Corpora(1949−2019)

本文基于历时复合语料库(1949—2019),采用多因素分析方法,探索虚义动词“做”的历时变迁。研究发现:1)虚义动词“做”在翻译汉语和原创汉语中均呈增长趋势,翻译汉语中增长趋势更凸显。一定程度上与虚义动词的语法功能有关,也可能与翻译过程中译者偏好采用规避风险的策略有关。2)翻译汉语中虚义动词“做”模仿了源语的语言结构,体现了源语渗透效应;宾语长度影响了“做”的翻译,说明目标语规范一定程度上发挥了作用。虚义动词“做”的变迁中源语渗透效应和目标语规范化相互作用。本文认为以英汉翻译触发的虚义动词历时变化为锚点,有助于深化翻译触发的语言接触与语言变迁机制研究。

Based on the diachronic multiple corpora(1949−2019),the present paper examines the diachronic changes of delexicalized verb(do)by using a multivariate analysis.The findings show that(1)delexicalized verb zuo has been more and more frequently used in both translated Chinese and non-translated native,in particular,in translated Chinese,partly due to special functions of delexicalized verb or risk aversion in the process of translation.(2)In translated Chinese,delexicalized verbs zuo are modelled on English delexicalized verb structures,which may be a demonstration of the source text shining-through.And those English sentences with long subjects also prefer to use more delexicalized verb zuo in translated texts,which may be evidence of adaptation to the norms in Chinese language.The interaction of source text shining-through and normalization may have played a role in the diachronic changes of delexicalized verb zuo.This paper argues that translation-induced diachronic changes of delexicalized verb zuo as an anchor point is hoped to provide new insights into the mechanism for translation-induced language contact.