基于细胞膜和细胞的仿生递药系统改善肿瘤免疫治疗效果

Enhancing the Efficiency of Tumor Immunotherapy via a Biomimetic Drug Delivery System based on Cell Membrane and Cells

肿瘤免疫治疗已成为各种原发性和转移性癌症的有效治疗方式。纳米药物递送系统(nano drug delivery system,NDDS)具有生物利用度高、靶向性好的优点,在肿瘤靶向治疗和免疫治疗等方面受到广泛关注。然而,传统的NDDS在临床应用中存在易被免疫系统识别和清除、跨越生物屏障能力差等问题。仿生药物递送系统(biomimetic drug delivery system,BDDS)以其良好的生物相容性和较低的免疫原性成为新一代极具前景的治疗策略。哺乳动物的细胞(如红细胞、血小板、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞和T淋巴细胞等)及其细胞膜源于母体生物系统,具有独特的生物学特征,成为研究的热点。该文综述了近年来基于细胞膜和细胞的BDDS在改善肿瘤免疫治疗中的最新进展,重点介绍了这些BDDS的构建方式、表征手段和应用研究,并对其在改善肿瘤免疫治疗效果领域面临的挑战及未来的发展进行了讨论。

Tumor immunotherapy has emerged as an effective treatment for various types of primary and metastatic cancers.NDDS(nanoparticle drug delivery system)possesses advantages of high bioavailability and excellent targeting ability,arousing widespread attention in areas such as tumor-targeted therapy and immuno-therapy.However,there are limitations with traditional NDDS in clinical applications,such as easy recognition and clearance by the immune system and poor ability to cross biological barriers.To address these challenges,BDDS(biomimetic drug delivery system),due to their good biocompatibility and lower immunogenicity,has emerged as a highly promising therapeutic strategy.The cell membrane or mammalian cells(such as red blood cells,platelets,monocytes,macrophages,neutrophils and T lymphocytes,etc.)are derived from the maternal biological system and exhibit unique biological characteristics,which have become the focus of research.In this review,the latest prog-ress of BDDS based on cell membrane and cells in improving tumor immunotherapy in recent years is reviewed.The construction methods,characterization techniques,and application studies of these BDDSs have been emphasized.In addition,the challenges and future development in improving the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy are also discussed.