肠道菌群调控肠外肿瘤发生及进展的免疫学机制

Immunological mechanisms of the regulatory effects of gut microbiota on the pathogenesis and progression of parenteral tumors

肠道菌群失调存在于各类癌症患者机体,包括黑色素瘤、乳腺癌、脑胶质瘤等肠外实体肿瘤患者。失调的肠道菌群通过多种途径诱导免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境的形成,导致肿瘤免疫逃逸的发生,并可减弱机体对免疫检查点抑制剂(immune checkpoint inhibitor,ICI)治疗的反应。调节肠道菌群可增强免疫杀伤细胞的功能,抑制肿瘤进展。该文总结了肠道菌群对肠外实体肿瘤进展的调控作用,以及其中涉及的免疫学机制,以期为进一步的基础研究和临床应用提供思路。

Gut microbiota dysbiosis exists in patients with different types of cancer,including melanoma,breast cancer,brain glioma,and other parenteral solid tumors.Dysregulated gut microbiota induces the formation of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment through a variety of mechanisms,causes the occurrence of tumor immune escape,and affects the host's responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICI).The regulatory effects of gut microbiota can enhance the function of immune killer cells and inhibit tumor progression.This review summarizes the regulatory effect of gut microbiota on the progression of parenteral solid tumors and the underlying immunological mechanisms,so as to provide insights for further basic research and clinical application.