家庭社会经济地位与学前流动儿童身份认同的关系:有调节的中介模型

Socioeconomic Status and Migrant Preschoolers Identity:A Moderated Mediation Model

学前流动儿童的身份认同对个体终身发展以及整个城市社会的稳定具有至关重要的作用。为探讨自尊在家庭社会经济地位与学前流动儿童身份认同之间的中介作用以及亲子关系在该中介路径中的调节作用,研究通过量表法对680名学前流动儿童进行调查。结果发现:(1)家庭社会经济地位能够正向预测学前流动儿童身份认同;(2)自尊在家庭社会经济地位和身份认同之间起中介作用;(3)亲子关系在中介的后半路径“自尊→身份认同”上起调节效应。良好的亲子关系能够促进自尊对身份认同的影响;但随着亲子关系水平的降低,自尊对学前流动儿童身份认同的提升作用逐渐减弱甚至消失。研究结果有助于从认同资本模型视角理解家庭社会经济地位如何以及在何种条件下影响学前流动儿童身份认同。

Forming identity in early childhood is crucial for long-term development of migrant children and the stable urbanization of cities.With a random sample of 680 migrant preschoolers,the current study examined the influence of socioeconomic status(SES)on migrant preschoolers identity,the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of parent-child relationship.Results revealed that(1)SES could positively predict the identity of migrant preschoolers.The moderated mediating mechanism showed that(2)self-esteem mediates the relationship between SES and identity;(3)the parent-child relationship moderates the association between self-esteem and identity.Specifically,better parent-child relationship could improve the effect of self-esteem on identity;however,the link between self-esteem and identity is weaker as the levels of parent-child relationship reduced.Overall,these findings are most consistent with the identity capital model and help us better understanding whether and how SES influences migrant preschoolers identity.