移动性与爱尔兰现代化:乔伊斯小说中的新式交通工具

Mobility and Irish Modernization: New Modes of Transport in Joyce’s Novels

21世纪初社会科学研究中出现的“移动性转向”,构建了“新移动性”范式,并引发了文学研究领域的热切关注。以交通移动性为代表的移动性媒介是文学移动性研究的基本维度之一。在乔伊斯的《一个青年艺术家的画像》和《尤利西斯》中,都柏林的交通模式经历了由传统马车向体现工业与科技革命成果的电车与火车等转变的过程。移动性媒介视阈下的爱尔兰现代化进程,重塑了爱尔兰人的现代生活空间和精神世界,展现了新的速度与节奏所带来的新的移动感知与心理体验。乔伊斯对新兴城市交通技术的细致观察与积极描述,绘制出一个技术合作与创新的现代都柏林城市形象,改变了欧洲对爱尔兰工业和社会文化落后的偏见。

The“mobility turn”within the social sciences at the start of 21st century has formed a“new mobilities”paradigm and aroused keen attention in the field of literary research.Mediations of mobility represented by mobilities in transportation is one of the basic dimensions of mobility research in literature.In Joyce’s A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man and Ulysses,Dublin’s mode of transport underwent a transformation from traditional horse-drawn carriage to trams and trains that embodied the fruits of industrial and technological revolution.The process of Irish modernization from the perspective of mediations of mobility has reshaped the modern living space and spiritual world of Irish people,showing the new mobile perception and psychological experience brought by the new speed and rhythm.Joyce’s meticulous observations and positive descriptions of emerging urban transport technologies,which paint a modern Dublin city image of technological cooperation and innovation,have dramatically changed European prejudices about Ireland’s industrial and socio-cultural backwardness.