敦煌文献异形词例释

Explanations on a Few Word Variants in Dunhuang Manuscripts

敦煌文献词语形多俗讹、音多借字,由此形成很多同词异写的“异形词”,为今人的释录造成了相当的困难。整理这批文献时,首先必需对这些“异形词”进行“认同”,即从读音、词义的角度考证该“异形词”为某个“正字词”的不同书写形式,将这些异形词与它对应的正字词进行沟通“认同”,从而准确理解文意,提高相关文献的整理质量。本文对其中的“牛”“英拂”等十余个异形词作了较为详尽的考释。

Words in the Dunhuang manuscripts tend to take various graphic forms,including common errors in characters and borrowed characters for pronunciation,which has posed considerable challenges for modern scholars in their annotation work.When organizing these manuscripts,it is necessary to first"identify"these word variants,involving verification from the perspectives of pronunciation and meaning.It determines whether a particular variant represents another graphic form of a"standard word."Establishing connections between these words and their variants is essential for comprehending the meaning of texts and organizing manuscripts.This article provides detailed explanations for over ten such variants including Niuyin(牛靷)and Yingfu(英拂).