基于GEE云平台的北京箭扣长城建设控制地带植被覆盖度时空变化分析

Spatiotemporal Variation Analysis of Fractional Vegetation Coverage in Construction Control Zone Along Jiankou Great Wall in Beijing Based on GEE Cloud Platform

长城沿线植被动态变化研究对长城本体保护以及长城遗址所处生态环境的安全稳定具有重要意义。以北京箭扣长城建设控制地带为例,基于Google Earth Engine云平台,调用2010-2021年Landsat遥感影像估算植被覆盖度,并借助地形和气象数据分析研究区植被覆盖度时空变化特征与驱动力。结果表明:时间维度上,2010-2021年研究区植被覆盖度呈波动上升趋势,变化率为0.025/10 a。2010-2016年和2016-2021年,植被覆盖度均呈增加趋势,但后一阶段增速减缓;空间维度上,2010-2021年研究区植被覆盖度值呈现出南部及中部较低,北部较高的空间格局,以及非建设区的植被恢复高于限制建设区;驱动力上,各因子对植被覆盖度的影响表现为高程>气温>降水量>坡向,高程与气温的交互作用对植被覆盖度空间格局分布的影响力达到0.557。研究成果为长城遗产的真实性、完整性保护以及长城国家文化公园的建设提供科学依据。

The study of dynamic changes of vegetation along the Great Wall is of great significance for the protection of the Great Wall itself and the safety and stabity of ecological environment where the Great Wall site is located.Taking Beijing Jiankou Great Wall Construction Control Zone as an example,based on Google Earth Engine(GEE)Cloud Platform,using Landsat remote sensing images from 2010 to 2021 to estimate Fractional Vegetation Cover(FVC),the temporal and spatial variation characteristics and driving forces of FVC along the study area were analyzed with the help of topographic and meteorological data.The results show that:from 2010 to 2021,FVC along the study area presents a fluctuating upward trend,with a change rate of 0.025/10 a.During 2010-2016 and 2016-2021,FVC showed an increasing trend,but the growth rate slowed down in the latter stage.In terms of spatial dimension,the FVC values along the study area from 2010 to 2021 showed a lower spatial pattern in the south and middle,and a higher spatial pattern in the north,and the vegetation restoration in non-construction areas were higher than that in restricted construction areas.In terms of driving force,the influence of each factor on FVC is as follows:elevation>temperature>precipitation>slope direction,and the influence of the interaction between elevation and temperature on the spatial pattern distribution of FVC reaches 0.557.The research results provide scientific basis for the authenticity and integrity protection of the Great Wall heritage and the construction of the Great Wall National Cultural Park.