锰正极在二次锌锰电池中的研究进展及前景

Research progress and prospects of manganese cathode in secondary zinc-manganese battery

可充电锌基电池具有成本低、安全性好和比能量高等特点。MnO_(2)及其复合物由于成本低、无毒环保,且具有多晶型、结构可控、高孔隙率等特性,被广泛应用于二次锌锰电池的正极。使用传统碱性电解液的电池,循环寿命短,难以实现多次循环。近年来,含锌离子、锰离子的中性电解液的使用,提高了锌锰电池的可充性能。在介绍二次锌锰电池原理的基础上,阐述碱性电解液和中性电解液体系对电池的影响,对锰正极添加剂、纳米材料的开发、电解液、高导电碳基复合材料应用等方面开展总结和讨论。探讨抑制不可逆相的生成和促进反应向生成可逆相的途径,提出合理的思路,为高性能可充电锌基电池研究提供指导。

Rechargeable zinc batteries have characteristics of low cost,good safety and high specific energy.MnO_(2)and its complexes are widely used in the positive electrode of zinc-manganese batteries due to their low cost,non-toxicity and,environmental friendliness,as well as their polycrystalline,structurally controllable,and high porosity characteristics.In the traditional alkaline electrolyte,the cycle life of the battery is short and it is difficult to realize multiple cycle charging.In recent years,the use of neutral electrolyte containing zinc and manganese ions has improved the rechargeability of zinc-manganese batteries.Based on the introduction of the principle of secondary zinc-manganese batteries,the effects of alkaline electrolyte and neutral electrolyte systems on the batteries are described,the manganese cathode additives,the development of nano-materials,the new electrolyte,and the application of highly conductive carbon-based composites are summarized and discussed.The pathways to inhibit the generation of irreversible phases and to promote the reaction toward the generation of reversible phases are explored,reasonable ideas are proposed to provide guidance for the research of high-performance rechargeable zinc-based batteries.