基于TDOA算法的基建现场施工人员定位研究

Research on Localization of Construction Personnel at Infrastructure Site Based on TDOA Algorithm

为了解决当前存在的受大量多径干扰和视距干扰的影响而导致定位精度不足的问题,提出基于到达时间差(TDOA)算法的基建现场施工人员定位方法。利用层叠样式表单技术,搭建三维图像定位基本框架。使用统一的定位服务器,根据基建现场面积确定定位节点数量。创新性地将TDOA算法部署到定位引擎中,从三维图像中提取施工人员特征信息和位置特征信息并进行匹配,得到基建现场施工人员三维特征集合。利用TDOA算法计算待测目标的三维坐标信息,实现施工人员三维图像定位。对比试验结果表明:所提方法的定位数据与实际位置坐标的绝对误差在0.2 m以内;在非视距环境下,连续定位轨迹与模拟的真实轨迹基本一致;在定位距离测试中,测得的距离与真实结果更接近。在视距和非视距环境下,所提方法的定位误差小、测距结果准确、定位精度较高,满足实际定位需求。该研究可以较大程度地消除事故隐患,从而建立相对安全的施工环境、降低基建现场施工中出现事故的概率。

To solve the current problem of insufficient positioning accuracy due to the influence of many multipath and line-of-sight interferences,a method of localization of construction personnel at infrastructure site based on time difference of arrival(TDOA) algorithm is proposed.The basic framework of 3D image localization is constructed by utilizing the cascading style sheet technology.A unified localization server is used,and the number of localization nodes is determined according to the area of the infrastructure site.The TDOA algorithm is innovatively deployed into the localization engine,and the construction personnel feature information and location feature information are extracted and matched from the 3D image to obtain the 3D feature set of the construction personnel at the infrastructure site.The TDOA algorithm is used to calculate the 3D coordinate information of the target to be measured and realize the 3D image positioning of the construction personnel.Comparison test results show that:the absolute error between the positioning data of the proposed method and the actual position coordinates is within 0.2 m;in the non-line-of-sight environment,the continuous positioning trajectory is basically the same as the simulated real trajectory;in the positioning distance test,the measured distance is closer to the real result.In both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight environments,the proposed method has a small positioning error,accurate ranging results,and high positioning accuracy,which meets the actual positioning requirements.The study significantly elimated poiential hidden dangers to accidents,to establish a relatively safe construction environment and reduce the probability of accidents in infrastructure site construction.