瑞利散射信号的远距离OPGW光缆断纤定位研究

Research on Fiber Breakage Localization of Long- Distance OPGW Cables with Rayleigh Scattering Signal

光纤复合架空地线(OPGW)容易因雷击、覆冰、烧损、断股而形成断纤故障,导致骨干电源与调度通信中断,威胁电力系统用电安全。随着光纤应用领域的逐渐扩大,大范围的断纤故障检测成为难题。提出基于广域测量的远距离OPGW光缆断纤定位方法。在瑞利散射原理的基础上,采集入射光子进入OPGW光缆核心结构时反射的瑞利散射信号。利用信号波形特征保留度最高的快速傅里叶变换,以消除瑞利散射信号噪声。通过相位调制器拟合瑞利散射信号在三维视角下的幅值波动情况,识别信号幅值大幅跌落的OPGW光缆断纤位置。利用幅值大幅变化的瑞利散射信号特征可以远距离捕获的特点,实现远距离OPGW光缆断纤定位。试验结果表明,所提方法定位距离远、精度高、效率高。通过所提方法的应用,可以及时准确地定位OPGW光缆中的断纤位置,帮助维护人员快速响应和处理故障,从而最大限度减少因断纤故障而造成电力系统中断的时间,提高电力系统的可靠性和稳定性。

Optical fiber composite overhead ground wire(OPGW) is prone to fiber breakage faults due to lightning strikes,ice coverage,burns,and strand breakage,resulting in the interruption of backbone power supply and dispatching communications,and threatening the safety of power system electricity.With the gradual expansion of fiber optic applications,the detection of large-scale fiber breakage faults has become a difficult problem.The proposed method is based on wide-area measurement to locate fiber breaks in long-distance OPGW cables.Based on the Rayleigh scattering principle,the Rayleigh scattering signals reflected from incident photons entering the core structure of OPGW cables are collected.The fast Fourier transform,which has the highest retention of signal waveform features,is utilized to eliminate the Rayleigh scattering signal noise.The amplitude fluctuation of the Rayleigh scattered signal in a three-dimensional view is fitted by a phase modulator to identify the location of fiber breaks in OPGW cables where the signal amplitude has dropped significantly.Using the characteristics of Rayleigh scattering signals with large changes in amplitude that can be captured over long-distances,it is possible to locate the broken fibers of OPGW cables over long-distances.The test results show that the proposed method has a long distance,high accuracy,and high efficiency.Through the application of the proposed method,the broken fiber position in OPGW cables can be timely and accurately located,which can help maintenance personned to quickly respond and handle faults,so as to minimize the interruption time of the power system caused by broken fiber faults,and improve the reliability and stability of the power system.