癌症患者生存护理需求、症状体验和生活质量的路径分析

Path analysis of survival care needs,symptom experience and quality of life in cancer patients

目的:通过路径分析方法探讨癌症患者的生存护理需求、症状体验和生活质量之间的关系。方法:纳入2021年1月至2022年7月在我院肿瘤中心就诊的220例癌症患者。应用癌症患者未满足需求简明量表、安德森症状评估量表、癌症患者生命质量测定量表FACT-G中文版评估癌症患者生存护理需求、症状体验和生活质量。在阿姆斯特朗(Armstrong)的症状经验模型的指导下,使用路径分析方法分析人口统计学特征、生存护理需求、症状体验和生活质量之间的关系。结果:研究结果部分支持了路径分析中基于Armstrong症状体验模型的研究变量之间的假设关系,人口统计学特征中仅文化程度与癌症病程有正向影响(β=0.285,P<0.001);癌症病程对生存护理需求有正向影响(β=0.174,P=0.024),而癌症类型对生存护理需求无影响(P>0.05);生存护理需求对症状体验有正向影响(β=0.624,P<0.001),而癌症病程和癌症类型对症状体验均无影响(均P>0.05);症状体验对生活质量有负向影响(β=-0.769,P<0.001)。结论:文化程度越高的患者,病程越长;患者患癌病程越长;生存护理需求越大;生存护理需求越大的癌症患者更有可能出现身体症状;身体症状较多的癌症患者生活质量较差。这些数据为今后制定癌症患者整体生存护理计划提供了依据。

Objective:To explore the relationship among survival care needs,symptom experience and quality of life of cancer patients by path analysis.Methods:220 cancer patients were conducted from January 2021 to July 2022 in cancer centers of our hospital.The scales of Short-Form Survivor Unmet Needs Survey,Anderson Symptom Inventory and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General(FACT-G)were used to identify survivorship care needs,symptom experience and quality of Life.Under the guidance of Armstrong's experiential model of symptoms,path analysis was used to assess the relationship between demographics,survival care needs,symptom experience and quality of life.Results:The results partially support the hypothesis of the relationship between the study variables in the path analysis based on the Armstrong symptom experience model,only education level of demographics characteristics had a positive effect on course of cancer(β=0.285,P<0.001),the duration of cancer had a positive effect on the survival care needs(β=0.174,P=0.024),however,the type of cancer had no effect on the survival care needs(P>0.05),the survival care needs had a positive effect on the experience of symptoms(β=0.624,P<0.001),while the course and type of cancer had no effect on the experience of symptoms(P>0.05),symptom experience had a negative effect on quality of life(β=-0.769,P<0.001).Conclusion:The higher the education level,the longer the course of disease.The longer the course of cancer,the greater the need for survival care needs.Patients with cancer who require more survival care needs are more likely to have physical symptoms.Patients with more physical symptoms had poorer quality of life.These data provide the basis for making the overall survival nursing plan for cancer patients in the future.