中间体残体与初级纤毛的关系及其在肿瘤生长中的作用

Midbody remnant regulates the formation of primary cilia and their roles in tumor growth

最新研究表明,初级纤毛细胞外发生途径与一种特殊细胞器—中间体残体相关。中间体残体是细胞有丝分裂末期中间体脱落形成的点状细胞器,中间体残体形成后在细胞表面移动,当与中心体在细胞表面靠近后,调节中心体在其母中心粒的顶端形成初级纤毛。初级纤毛可作为抑制肿瘤发生的细胞器,并在多种肿瘤中丢失,研究发现中间体残体在肿瘤细胞中聚集影响初级纤毛的发生。更重要的是,中间体残体和初级纤毛在肿瘤细胞中均通过自噬途径降解,中间体残体还可以将肿瘤信号通路因子传递给初级纤毛进而影响肿瘤细胞的发生发展。本文综述了中间体残体和初级纤毛的基本结构及形成过程,详细阐述了中间体残体调控初级纤毛发生的具体机制,探讨及展望了中间体残体调控初级纤毛形成在肿瘤发生发展和靶向治疗中的作用及研究趋势。

Recent studies have shown that the formation of the primary cilium is associated with a specific cellular organelle known as the midbody remnant(MBR),which is a point-like organelle formed by shedding of the midbody at the end of mitosis.MBRs move along the cell surface close to the center body and regulate it to form primary cilia at the top of the centriole.Primary cilia can act as an organelle to inhibit tumorigenesis,and it is lost in a variety of tumors.Studies have shown that the accumulation of MBRs in tumor cells affects ciliogenesis;in addition,both MBRs and primary cilia are degraded in tumor cells through the autophagy pathway,and MBRs can also transfer tumor signaling pathway factors to primary cilia affecting tumorigenesis.In this article,the basic structure and the formation process of MBR and primary cilia are reviewed and the mechanism of MBRs regulating ciliogenesis is elaborated.The significance of MBR-mediated ciliogenesis in tumorigenesis and its potential as a target for cancer treatment are discussed.