雷州湾红树林风电场对水鸟的影响

Effect of Wind Farm on Waterbirds in the Mangrove in Leizhou Bay

为探究雷州湾红树林风电场水鸟分布及风电场对水鸟数量的潜在影响,利用非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)和Pearson相关分析,分析水鸟群落分布及风电场对水鸟数量的影响。结果表明:该区域共记录水鸟56种,被列入国家Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级重点保护物种分别为4种和5种;被列入IUCN濒危物种红色名录受胁物种共13种,包括极危物种1种、濒危物种3种、易危物种2种和近危物种7种。水鸟数量在冬季达到峰值,样线之间水鸟群落组成差异较大。风电场对水鸟数量有消极影响,水鸟倾向于远离风电场所在的区域,在未来的风电场规划中应避开重要的水鸟栖息地。本研究在生物多样性保护、湿地管理以及风电场选址等方面具有重要的指导意义。

In order to explore the distribution of waterbirds in the wind farm in the mangrove in Leizhou bay and the potential impact of the wind farm on waterbirds,non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis(NMDS)and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the distribution of waterbirds community and the impact of the wind farm on the abundance of waterbirds.The results showed that a total of 56 species of waterbirds were recorded in this area,4 and 5 species were listed as the class I and II wildlife of the national priority for protection.A total of 13 threatened species are listed on the IUCN Red List of Threatened species,including 1 critically-threatened species,3 endangered-species,2 vulnerable-species and 7 near-threatened species.The abundance of waterbirds peaked in winter,and the community composition of waterbirds varied greatly among the transect lines.Wind farms have significant negative effects on waterbird abundance,and waterbirds tend to stay away from areas where wind farm are located.Building wind farm in important waterbird habitats should be avoided in future.This study has important implications for biodiversity conservation,wetland management and site selection for wind farm.