几种无公害药剂对落叶松鞘蛾的毒力及林间防治效果

The Toxicity and Forest Control Effect of Several Non Pollution Chemicals on Larch Sheath Moth

[目的]筛选出理想的药剂种类及浓度,为落叶松鞘蛾种群的调控和科学防治探索新思路。[方法]采用4种不同的无公害药剂对落叶松鞘蛾幼虫进行毒力测定,并利用2种药剂和1种烟剂进行林间防治试验。[结果]25%除虫脲可湿性粉剂2000倍液、3000倍液、5000倍液的校正死亡率平均值分别为89.43%、76.45%、64.91%;5%吡虫啉乳油的500倍液、1000倍液、2000倍液的校正死亡率平均值分别是96.32%、84.14%、71.16%;0.5%苦参碱水剂的500倍液、1000倍液、1500倍液的校正死亡率平均值分别是92.79%、86.06%、77.41%;5%高氯·甲维盐的2500倍液、5000倍液、10000倍液的校正死亡率平均值分别为80.29%、94.23%、75.96%。[结论]吡虫啉500倍液、苦参碱500倍液和高氯·甲维盐5000倍液对落叶松鞘蛾的死亡率都达90%以上。除虫脲5000倍液对落叶松鞘蛾毒杀效果最不显著。林间防治试验结果表明,0.5%苦参碱和5%吡虫啉乳油500倍液地面喷雾防治效果分别达71.18%和67.37%;1.2%苦参碱烟剂对落叶松鞘蛾幼虫的烟雾防治效果为55.10%,防治效果不理想,应探索利用该烟剂防治成虫。

[Objective]To screen out ideal types and concentrations of pesticides,and explore new ideas for the regulation and scientific control of the population of larch sheath moth.[Method]Four different pollution-free pesticides were used to determine the toxicity of larch sheath moth larvae,and two pesticides and one smoke agent were used for forest control experiments.[Result]The average corrected mortality rates of 2000 fold solution,3000 fold solution,and 5000 fold solution of 25%pyrethroid wettable powder were 89.43%,76.45%,and 64.91%,respectively;the average corrected mortality rates for 500 fold,1000 fold,and 2000 fold solutions of 5%imidacloprid emulsion were 96.32%,84.14%,and 71.16%,respectively;the average corrected mortality rates of 500 fold solution,1000 fold solution,and 1500 fold solution of 0.5%matrine aqueous solution were 92.79%,86.06%,and 77.41%,respectively;the average corrected mortality rates for 2500 fold solution,5000 fold solution,and 10000 fold solution of 5%high chloride·methylvitamin salt were 80.29%,94.23%and 75.96%,respectively.[Conclusion]Imidacloprid 500 fold solution,matrine 500 fold solution,and high chloride·methylvitamin salt 5000 fold solution all have a mortality rate of over 90%for the larch sheath moth.The 5000 fold solution of pyrethroid has the least significant toxic effect on the larch sheath moth.The results of forest control experiment showed that the control effects of ground spray with 0.5%matrine and 5%imidacloprid EC 500 times liquid reached 71.18%and 67.37%respectively;the smoke control effect of 1.2%matrine smoke agent on larch sheath moth larvae is 55.10%,and the control effect is not ideal.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the use of this smoke agent to control adults.