风荷载下的树木动态行为参数测量方法综述

Review of methods for measuring tree dynamic behavior parameters under wind loads

树木风害机理、风害损失及防治技术的研究是当前的研究热点,其共同基础是了解树木的空气动力学特性。对树木动态行为参数的测量是研究树木空气动力学的基础,对定量化研究树木风载及其安全性评估具有重要意义。在调研国内外相关文献的基础上对树木动态行为参数的测量方法进行了综述。首先,对树干、树枝和树叶的动态行为参数进行了总结;其次,从接触式和非接触式两方面对树木动态行为参数的测量方法进行归纳,对每种方法的适用范围及优缺点进行阐述分析;最后,讨论了目前测量方法的不足,对未来的测量方法进行展望。

The mechanisms of wind-induced damages to trees,the losses caused by wind-induced damage in trees and the prevention and control technology are current research hotspots.The common basis for these studies is to understand the aerodynamic characteristics of trees.The measurement of tree dynamic behavior parameters is the basis of the aerodynamics of trees,which has important significance for the quantitative study of tree wind load and its safety evaluation.In this paper,the measurement methods of tree dynamic behavior parameters are reviewed based on the domestic and foreign literatures.Firstly,the dynamic behavior parameters of trunks,branches and leaves are summarized.Secondly,the measurement methods of tree dynamic behavior parameters are summarized from the contact and non-contact aspects,and the application range,advantages and disadvantages of each method are analyzed.Finally,the deficiencies of the current measurement methods are discussed,and the future measurement methods are prospected.