北京市永乐店镇手足口病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of hand,foot and mouth disease in Yongledian Town of Beijing

目的分析北京市通州区永乐店镇手足口病(HFMD)流行病学特征,为辖区HFMD防控工作提供科学依据。方法通过收集“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”中报告现住址为北京市通州区永乐店镇2010-2019年上报的HFMD病例资料,进行流行病学分析。结果2010-2019年北京市通州区永乐店镇总计报告HFMD547例,无重症及死亡病例。年均发病率为106.66/10万,2017年发病率最低,为47.75/10万,2018年发病率最高,为177.49/10万。6-8月份为发病高峰,占发病总数的74.22%(406/547)。常住人口和流动人口均较多的区域发病率高于其他地区。男性发病数多于女性,性别比为1.48:1。发病年龄主要集中在≤5岁儿童,以1~3岁为主。发病人群主要集中在散居儿童和托幼儿童。结论北京市通州区永乐店镇HFMD在季节、地区、年龄和性别分布上明显差异。应根据HFMD的流行病学特征,以≤5岁儿童为防控的重点,加强健康教育工作,同时在高发季节、地区和重点人群做好防控工作,预防HFMD的传染。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand,foot,and mouth disease(HFMD)in Yongledian Town of Tongzhou District in Beijing,and provide scientific basis for HFMD prevention and control work in the jurisdiction.Methods Epidemiological analysis was conducted by collecting data on HFMD cases reported in the"China Disease Prevention and Control Information System"from 2010 to 2019,with the current address in Yongledian Town of Tongzhou District in Beijing.Results A total of 547 cases of HFMD were reported in Yongledian Town of Tongzhou District in Beijing from 2010 to 2019,with no severe cases or deaths.The average annual incidence rate was 106.66/100 thousand,the lowest in 2017 with 47.75/100 thousand,and the highest in 2018 with 177.49/100 thousand.The peak of incidence was from June to August,accounting for 74.22%(406/547)of the total incidence.The incidence rate in regions with large permanent population and floating population was higher than that in other regions.The number of male cases was higher than that of female cases,with a gender ratio of 1.48:1.The age of onset was mainly concentrated in children under 5 years old,with 1-3 years old being the main age group.The affected population was mainly concentrated in scattered children and childcare children.Conclusion There were significant differences in the distribution of HFMD in seasons,regions,ages and genders in Yongledian Town of Tongzhou District in Beijing.Based on the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD,the focus of prevention and control should be on children under 5 years old,and health education should be strengthened.At the same time,prevention and control work should be carried out in high incidence seasons,regions and key populations to prevent the transmission of HFMD.